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Meet Truffle Shuffle!! We rescued her in April from the shelter when she needed help. She has opened up so much since then and her true personality has finally come out. Truffle is such a character and your typical female bulldog. She can still be timid and skittish with new people but warms up pretty quick. Just needs someone patience who is willing to give her a chance. When she becomes your best friends all she wants is to be petted and be right next to you. She is selective with other dogs at first, but does well with most dogs as long as she can be the queen. Truffle does better with the calmer male dogs. No small children. When we first took Truffle in she had horrible infected ears, nasty skin, and was struggling with her breathing. Bulldogs have such a hard time breathing being a brachycephalic dog. Awareness is key. Please do your research before getting any type flat faced dog. Truffle is around 3 years old. She is house trained and crate trained which she would need to continue in any household. Truffle is fully vetted, spayed, vaccinated, and microchip. When we adopt out our dogs we want it to be their forever home, not until the family gives up on them. This is why we are so picky with adoptions and have a long process. Please be committed when adopting a dog! If you are interested in meeting our girl Truffle to foster or adopt please send us a detailed email and request a application to fill out. We do require home owners ONLY with a fully fenced in yard at least 6 feet. Bully breed experience is a must. We are looking for a home that knows about bulldogs. We are located in Sacramento so local Northern California adoptions only. We need to be close enough for a home checks and meets. Simbaspawdogrescue yahoo. We have answers. The difference is that a purebred dog has a documented pedigree, and it is bred to meet very specific standards. A mixed breed dog has an ancestry involving different breeds. There is nothing wrong with mixed breed dogs, but many people prefer purebreds like French Bulldog puppies for sale Sacramento. What is the French Bulldog like? Friendly, cute, and tiny, Frenchies are hugely popular. They are actually descended from English Bulldogs, but they are smaller. They have lovely personalities and are adorable pets. French Bulldog puppies for sale in Sacramento also make great family dogs because they are friendly and get on well with kids. What makes French Bulldogs so expensive? French Bulldogs cannot reproduce naturally due to their narrow hips, so French Bulldog breeders Sacramento must use artificial insemination and the pups are also delivered by C-section. This means extra skills are required by French Bulldog breeders in Sacramento, and this is reflected in the higher prices. How should I use Uptown? We put the fun back into finding French Bulldogs for sale in Sacramento. Just search for a French Bulldog Sacramento, find a litter, and connect with the breeder. You can then start making arrangements to pick up your pup, and in no time at all you could find yourself meeting your dream Frenchie puppy! Am I going to find the cheapest French Bulldogs puppies here? We screen them all very carefully to ensure they have high standards, and they provide a boutique service. Why should I not just choose a shelter dog instead? Getting your dog from a reputable shelter could be a great option. However, shelters are not the right choice for everyone. If you want a purebred dog or you want to know its full health history, then finding a Sacramento French Bulldog for sale in the Uptown network might make more sense than using a shelter. How can I be sure that my Frenchie puppy will be in good health? All the companies and breeders in the Uptown Network provide full health checks. But you should still take your pup to the vet to verify its health when it arrives. Can I pick up my new puppy in person? If you find a French Bulldog for sale in Sacramento, you should make arrangements with the breeder to find out how to pick up your puppy. If you cannot find Sacramento French Bulldogs for sale, and you find a puppy much further away, the breeder can make travel arrangements so you can pick up your dog at your nearest major airport instead. If I have kids, will my Frenchie be OK around them? They love playing and having fun, after all! But make sure they are supervised properly, especially around young kids, in the same way that you would with any dog. What are the exercise requirements for French Bulldogs? A short walk and a bit of playtime is usually enough to keep them in good health. Ever wonder who cares for the seniors or unwanted bulldogs when a family no longer has time for the bulldog that has been a family member for a number of years? These senior Bulldogs depend on other people that take the time, to show concern and open their hearts for these Bulldogs that are no longer puppies — but just as adorable nonetheless. The need for help with senior Bulldogs and unwanted bulldogs far outstrip homes that can take them in or be willing to accept them as part of their families. Help is needed for seniors: Foster homes to care for them and not have them in kennels. Rethink your relationship with your bulldog. It is a choice when you got your bulldog and a choice when you give them up. NorCal Bulldog Rescue is in desperate need of foster homes! If you can help out, even if only for a short time, please contact us. The Bulldogs do not have to be integrated into your family of dogs, many of them need to be placed as only dogs so they need to be kept separate. If you have the ability to gate them off, this would be a tremendous help. You shop. Amazon Gives. Amazon donates 0. AmazonSmile is the same Amazon you know. Same products, same prices, same service. Pacifica, CA .If your dog has a specific medical condition, we recommend you consult with your veterinarian before booking a swim at The Rex Center Donate your vehicle to help Northern California Bulldog Rescue. Please call or click here to donate now. In most cases, they are able to pickup your vehicle within 48 hours. Vehicles For Charity will make your donation experience a pleasant one. Through no fault of their own, more than four million dogs end up in shelters and rescue organizations every year, and nearly half of them never find a place to call home. The foundation provides grants to c 3 shelters and dog rescue organizations nationwide and encourages dog lovers to adopt, volunteer, and donate to support the cause. For more information or to make a tax-deductible donation online, visitwww. Each year, we help animal-welfare organizations find lifelong, loving homes for millions of orphaned pets, as well as fund spay and neuter efforts, animal-assisted therapy programs, and humane education.

These desirable qualities are a result of meticulous breeding practices and superior genetics. Ritterhund K9s are specifically bred for stability and soundness. Our German Shepherds exemplify the values of Obedience, Protection, and Service, making them exceptional ambassadors. While they possess strength, endurance, and speed, they are also affectionate and devoted family companions. These are the dogs you can rely on to safeguard your home and watch over your loved ones when you're away. German Shepherds view their family as their "pack" and are instinctively protective. They can cuddle with your toddler and accompany your child to the school bus, but should any threat arise, their strength and fierceness will manifest as an unstoppable force. When you become part of the Ritterhund Family, you become a lifelong member. We take great pride in our breeding program and are committed to surpassing expectations for both our K9s and customers. If you are fortunate enough to own a German Shepherd with these genetics, then you understand the difference in these K9s. Bomber is an absolute legend in the K9 Community. These puppies will be large, have high and medium drives, and be steady-tempered. We put countless hours into raising them with the proper foundation they need. Structural balance and harmony that you will only find in this genetic combination we have in this breeding. We are very selective in the homes in which our puppies are placed. A family who is educated on the breed, lives an active lifestyle, and who are willing and able to put the time and effort into properly raising their puppy. We are located near the Central Coast of California. We hand deliver our puppies to their new owners if within reasonable driving distance for no charge. Air in-cabin flight nanny and Ground transport are available for an additional charge for customers located out of the surrounding areas or state. We highly recommend placing a deposit early as our puppies do go quickly. Please download the puppy application or contact us via email or text for details. Please contact us for puppy prices. But once your puppy is born and you have accepted an alphabet puppy litter and choose to back out, your deposit is subject to forfeit. Birth to weaning so if you change your mind after confirming, you are reducing the time the next family has to also prepare for their new puppy. No restrictions on AKC full registration and full breeding rights given on your haus von Wiese puppy. Final payment is due at time of puppy pick up or after delivery arrangements are scheduled, 2 days prior to flight. No additional Charge for puppy pick up in Huntersville NC. September Breeding We had a successful breeding between Lotte and Gringo. We expect our "B" litter to arrive in early November, with take home after 8 weeks of nursing taking us through New Years .The breeding took place but we need a month for the puppies to grow in utero before our vet can confirm the pregnancy. Any overflow will roll over to our Spring Cersei long coat dam litter. Paska is undoubtedly one of the most well known working dog Black German Shepherds of all time. Just as strategically as horses are bred to increase positive attributes, we are breeding in a similar style. Our goal is to save Paska's heritage and continue to produce puppies containing his well balanced temperament, drive and strong working ability. Bomber carries some of the same impressive attributes as Paska and is the product of highly accomplished and highly decorated shepherds in Germany. It is our goal to preserve both bloodlines while integrating fresh new lines from Germany to be sure of safe breeding outcome. Along with 7-week old personality and drive level testing on each puppy, we strive to match each puppy with it's family to achieve long-term fit and family harmony. Our breeding pairs are selected with great health, hips and elbows from multi generational excellence of their lineage. Scroll below to our breeding dogs and click on their Pedigeree Link to view their impressive German pedigree. Thank you to the families that are giving loving new homes to our precious black German Shepherd puppies! Please call or text to reserve your puppy. Nolan was a magnificent 4 time competitor of the German Bundesseiger. You don't want to miss this stunner! Winn-Dixie is a fabulous mix of both Unkas and Nolan. V Paska vom Salztalblick. We are hapy to include Aurora and her freshness to our breeding program. Basia is an incredible product of our exclusive breeding program from the flawless Paska bloodline. Lotte and her parents have all tested the highest for Hip and Elbow tests in Germany, A normal. Mazikeen joined us from German European Import parents. Mazikeen's coat is long, glossy and incredibly soft. Mazikeen has a sweet natured and pleasing personality who produces family companion pups. Cersei's coat is long, glossy and incredibly soft. We are proud and excited for her to join our home and our breeding program. Playfulness Watchdog Ability The German Shepherd Dog is a natural protector and so adaptable and intelligent that they have performed about every job known to dogs. If he had opposable thumbs, he would be unstoppable. Intelligent and obedient, purebred German Shepherd puppies are more than devoted pets - they are lifelong companions. Pure-breed black German shepherd puppies have the right temperament to make engaging family pets. Leave them alone or confined. These pups will grow mischievous and become high-strung. As the name implies, they originated in Germany in the late s. As part of the Herding Group, German Shepherds were used for livestock, herding, and guarding sheep. Back then, GSDs were not considered pets or companions but servants of farmers. Although German Shepherds weren't considered household pets, their owners did provide proper food, protection, and shelter. In the early s, a German cavalry officer named Captain Max Von Stephanitz made it his mission to create an ideal German herder. He co-founded the world's first club devoted to German Shepherds. Von spent 35 years promoting and refining the wonderful breed. People finally noticed how strong, smart, and obedient German Shepherds are. So now the military employs them as working dogs. Their intelligence, strength, speed, obedience, agility, and keen sense of smell make them perfect for the job. German Shepherds are also very versatile and make great companions. Their impressive and lovable personalities soon drew the attention of other countries. German Shepherd dog was brought to the United States in the early s, and American breeders began to develop their own lines of the breed. The American Kennel Club recognized the German Shepherd in , and the species has been one of the most popular dog breeds in the United States ever since. Today, GSDs are not only considered one of the most favorite household pets. The versatility and outstanding characteristics make German Shepherds beautiful pets, companions, and protectors. Due to the breed's reputation for being loyal, courageous, and easy to train, German Shepherds are used as police or military dogs. Personality Know the personality and temperament of your German Shepherd Dog German Shepherds are well-known for their smartness, confidence, intelligence, loyalty, and courageous personalities. As household pets, German Shepherd dogs get along with their owners and other members of the family. However, they do not get along with strangers easily, but with time, they warm up to anyone who tries to be friendly with them. The German Shepherd dog breed is distinguished for courage, loyalty, and the ability to maintain training. Because German Shepherds have strong guardian instincts, they tend to be loyal and protective of their owners and children. Given their strong guardian instincts, inadequate training and poor socialization can make them aggressive toward strangers. Their over-protective and aggressive behaviors can put any owner at risk. Therefore, GSDs should be carefully socialized with proper training from a very young age. The best thing about GSDs is that they are intelligent. German Shepherd dogs are usually active and like to be occupied with an activity. They do well with people who allow them to stay active. They need an ample amount of exercise daily to retain their activeness. They should be continually exposed to supervision during the training period. Most importantly, your German Shepherd should not be confined to a kennel or backyard alone, as GSDs like to be around their loved ones. Keeping them tied up alone will make them lonely and aggressive. A German Shepherd dog should be purchased from a good and reputed breeder. We do not hand over any puppy or dog without having them vet-checked. Health Health is wealth, even for your German Shepherd dog. As a dog lover, when you welcome a German Shepherd puppy into your family, they become an integral part of your life. Besides training your dog, it is best to focus on your pet's wellness. You must do everything you need to optimize your pet's health and happiness. Most German Shepherds are usually healthy dogs if purchased from a good breeder. A responsible breeder will screen breeding stock to check on health conditions such as elbow dysplasia, canine hip dysplasia, degenerative myelopathy, etc. The German Shepherd Dog has an average lifespan of 9 to 13 years. Male, Adult German Shepherd weighs around lbs. Female, Adult German Shepherd weighs around lbs. They can run 30 mph Maximum Running. Moreover, German Shepherds are prone to experience problems like bloat, skin allergies, gastric torsion, and abdomen swelling. German Shepherds experience these conditions. German Shepherds must be taken to the vet, like most other dogs, for routine health checkups. A regular checkup allows you to track your pet's health condition. Owners should be aware of all the GSDs' health-related symptoms to take care of them by taking their dogs to the vet when any symptom occurs. Besides, if you want to buy a healthy pet, you must contact a good breeder. We do everything a good breeder would do to deliver a healthy puppy to a customer. We also discuss health problems in the genetics of a puppy or dog. Grooming The importance of grooming your German Shepherd dog The adorable appearance of the German Shepherd dog is known to all. They are very adorable and majestic to look at. GSDs usually shed twice a year. Proper grooming helps in controlling shedding and keeps the coat nice. They only need a quick brushing a few times a week. A thorough brush helps to remove loose hairs from their coat and keep the fur nice and shiny. During the shedding time, frequent brushing is required to prevent the mess caused by heavy shedding. Giving the occasional bath should suffice to help them clean and smell nice. Your dog can end up hurting you unintentionally if the nails are too long. Invest in quality dog grooming products to ensure proper and safe grooming. Thus, do not forget to groom your precious German Shepherd dog. Finding How to find the right German Shepherd Breeders? The German Shepherd is one of the most popular dog breeds in the U. S and all over the world. GSDs have love and affection towards their owners, whether a puppy, a young dog, or an adult dog. Find and choose a good breeder to find the right German Shepherd puppy. Finding a good breeder is the key if you want a purebred and healthy German Shepherd puppy or dog. You need a good and reputed breeder to find the right puppy or dog for your family. Most importantly, puppies and dogs sold by breeders must be AKC-registered, which means that they follow the rules and regulations established by the AKC. We care more about placing the puppies in the right homes than making big bucks. We are happy to share any information you need about a puppy. We welcome any questions about a puppy with a big smile. The price is determined by several factors, including but not limited to the following: The breeder's location Show Record How many puppies can a German shepherd have? A German shepherd can have six to eight puppies. Larger litter are usually born to dogs that are bred early and often. The mother's milk production is also stimulated by the hormone prolactin, which is secreted in large amounts after mating. When do German shepherd puppies' ears stand up? Some puppies' ears stand up as early as 5 or 6 weeks old, but others don't have completely erect ears until they're a few months old. As long as the puppy's ears start to stand up by about 8 or 9 weeks old, there's no need to worry. If the puppy's ears haven't begun to stand up by then, you should take it to the vet to see if there's a problem. Contact us before the puppies get sold. A little about us North Mountain Kennels is proud to offer quality German Shepherd puppies for sale, bred from some of the best sires and dams in the world. From meticulously bred service dogs to family pets, North Mountain Kennels has the perfect German Shepherd puppy for you. About Our Breeder Audrey is not just your average dog trainer. She is highly educated in all things K9. She has obtained 2 Masters Degrees from London Hanover University College of Zoological Studies with a concentration in canine behavior from a neurological perspective. This allows her to learn that what we "see" as the outward behavior and how it begins on a cellular level in brain. Truly understanding at an in-depth level of the animal that many "Trainers" do not understand or have any desire to understand what creates behavior and where it begins in the brain. Knowledge is power and with this knowledge Audrey Estep carefully crafts training plans developed for each puppy in training rather the a cookie cutter approach to all dogs. My services are designed with you and your pet in mind, and I believe in working as much with you as with your pet. Happy Healthy Bloodlines Great genetics make for a confident well rounded puppy that is suitable for companion, sport, IPO, or police K9. However, not all great quality breeding stock are titled European German Shepherd dogs. I'm selecting dogs with a history of producing consistent sound and healthy offspring. Not all dogs in my program have an OFA score on hips and elbows. My dogs generally have a European score on hips and elbows since they are tested prior to import. Furever Friends My puppy program revolves around creating the most sound animal for whatever your purpose is from birth. Puppies are exposed to a number of environmental obstacles, smells, sounds and sights to ensure confidence and sociability. Our Puppies All puppies are vaccinated, treated for internal and external parasites, micro chipped and come with AKC papers to register you puppy. What our customers have to say about North Mountain Kennels Don't just take our word for it, see what our customers have to say about us, our puppies, and the programs we offer! Proven Results.

The American Kennel Club lists specific boxer coat colors as fawn and brindle. Other variations can include a mask or white markings. If your boxer has other colors, she is a mixed breed boxer. Fawn Boxers do not have a gene for black, but rather a gene for fawn and brindle. Fawn is a solid coat color, with a range of shades. Your puppy may fall anywhere from light tan to dark red mahogany. Worldwide standards prefer deeper, darker shades like mahogany over tan. No brindling appears on these coats. Fawn boxers can have markings including a mask or white markings. Any other color on these coats is unacceptable. Brindle Brindle refers to the appearance of black stripes on an otherwise solid coat. Brindling can occur on any shade of the fawn color classification. These stripes may include very sparse dark hairs to well-defined stripes. Close examination of a black boxer reveals fawn hairs, indicating a brindle, or the pet is a mixed breed. White Boxers who are completely white or mostly white with darker markings, considered a check boxer, are not acceptable for breeding or showing. The gene responsible for white in boxers is not a color gene but a marking gene, which means that a white boxer would be fawn or brindle if the white was not present. They are common, making up an estimated 25 percent of boxers around the world. They typically result from breeding acceptable boxers with a high proportion of white. Some are born deaf or blind. They also may sunburn easily and should not be bred. Masks and Markings Other than brindle stripes, the only acceptable black on a boxer is her mask. Breed standards are not written to discriminate. Quite simply, the standards are designed as guides to determine the structure and desirable traits to be used for selecting breeding stock and to instruct judges in the show ring. The currently approved Boxer Standard explicitly defines the allowable coat colors and markings for Boxers. There are two acceptable coat colors, fawn or brindle. There are no stripes in fawn coats. Those Boxers exhibiting black stripes on the fawn background are termed brindle. The fawn coat ranges from light yellow to dark red. Brindling can be sparse or heavy, and sometimes it is so heavy the animal appears to be black with fawn stripes this is called reverse brindling -- boxers do not carry the gene for an all black coat color. The Boxer Standard requires that two-thirds of the coat color on the total surface of the skin must be either fawn or brindle. If white markings exceed one-third of the total surface of the skin, the Boxer would be excused from competition by the judge. In show terminology this is called a disqualification. Such color restrictions are very common in breed standards. Little indicated that white Boxer puppies are not true albinos as albinism is defined by geneticists a complete lack of pigment in the skin or hair and blue eyes , as evidenced by their dark eyes and nose. Approximately twenty-five percent and this is an estimation as exact records have not been maintained of all Boxer puppies born to parents having white markings are either white or almost all white, making white puppies neither" rare" nor "unusual. These almost all-white puppies are sometimes referred to as "checks" or "parti-colored. This is similar to a condition observed in Collies, which is called "Collie nose". A certain percentage of the white Boxer puppies are deaf in either one or both ears. Originally the American Boxer Club wote the standard clearly addressing the white coat coloring as undesirable because of the unfortunate traits associated with the lack of pigmentation. As a result of these observations, breeders are still forbidden in the use of white Boxers in their breeding programs. Currently, ABC members and members of affiliated clubs are now offered the option of placing and monetarily recouping the costs of raising their white puppies. Puppies can be placed in homes as companion or performance animals and offered an American Kennel Club Limited Registration. AKC will not recognize the use of the dog as a breeding animal by denying registration of any puppies produced by a dog with such registration. White Boxers have been a part of our breed's history from the very beginning. White Boxers were accepted for registration and breeding by the German club up to .They were banned then because the club viewed the Boxer as a guard dog and white was considered unacceptable for that work. Any physical problems related to the white gene were not found until much later. The American Boxer Club remains constant in their disqualification of the white boxer for either conformation classes or breeding. Other than the undesirable physical traits deaf or blind sometimes associated with the white gene, white Boxers are exactly the same in temperament and structure as their pigmented siblings. Please remember there are many Boxers including white, check, parti-colored, fawn and brindle with other undesirable traits that also should not be used for breeding. The color of a Boxer's coat has nothing to do with the wonderful Boxer personality we all have grown to covet and love. There are some Boxers that appear to be black. However, a solid black coat is not indicative of the breed. So, how can this be? Read more about what markings and patterns can cause a black-like coat. Fawn- What exactly is the color fawn in regard to dogs? This sample is a typical fawn. However, as you will see, fawn is a range of hues. To the right below on mobile is a medium fawn is the standard hue when referring to this terminology. With nice white flash markings on the chest and with black on the muzzle, this Boxer meets color breed standard very well. Brindle - What is brindle? Brindle is not technically a color, it is a pattern. The base is fawn and there is striping. The stripes may be light or dark, and density of the striping can range from thin to thick. Some brindles will look almost fawn and some will appear so dark that they look black. This Boxer shows the standard brindle striping. With white on his chest, paws and ankles and black on the muzzle, this Boxer also meets breed standards perfectly. This is a red fawn Boxer. As you can see, this fawn is darker and deeper than that the common tan fawn; producing a slight shading of red. What a gorgeous coat. This Boxer is a dark brindle. As you can see, with dark brindle the black is over powering the fawn color. The black striping in this pattern is heavy; which would be called a reverse or even a seal. Which simply means that the dog is not officially a solid fawn; he is a mix of colors. Seal - The Boxer dog you see here on the left is Vesta; this color is often referred to as seal. This is a super tight brindle. Siennna, right, is a fawn. Photo courtesy of Nancy Dark Brindle Boxer. Turkish, at 7 years old, photo courtesy of Renata Boxer Dog Flash The white markings on this breed are called "flash". If a Boxer has a moderate amount, one often refers to this as semi-flashy. Those with prominent white on a good portion of the coat are called flashy. No Markings? Not all Boxers have white markings. These are known as plain Boxers, but the term is misleading, as it refers to the genes at work. Read more: Boxers without White Markings Brindle Explanation Brindle one of the colors of this breed is actually a pattern. Stripes running through the coat partial or full is brindling. These are often black hairs, but may be any color that is a darker shade than the hairs that run under it. Depending on the exact color of these brindling pattern stripes, one may refer to a Boxer using one of the following terms listed in order from a very light brindle to a heavy dark striping : Light super light. This is a good Boxer question; because many people think of these dogs as being fawn or brindle color along with white markings. The official Boxer breed can be can be a combination of 3 colors: Fawn standard Brindle standard White alternate Now, there are also 5 types of markings that a Boxer dog can have. But, he or she actually does not need to have any of those markings. Boxers without white markings carry the SS gene, known as the plain gene. Those with white markings carry the Ssw gene, known as the flashy gene. If two SS Boxers are bred together, the resulting litter will be plain no markings , with the only exception being a jump in genetics, in which case genes jump a generation and if grandparents hold flashy Ssw genes, the puppies may have some white. If 2 flashy Boxers Ssw are bred together, the resulting litter will be puppies with markings, unless genes skip a generation to bring in the white coloring. When people talk of a fawn or brindle Boxer, they are usually actually talking about a fawn or brindle Boxer with white markings and a black mask. While this is a common color combination, it is not the only combination for this breed. Therefore, if your Boxer is just fawn or brindle, he does not need to have any of the white markings. He would just be considered to be fawn or brindle Boxer. Puppies often change in color and markings as they grow. However, if a Boxer puppy was a fawn or brindle without any white, that dog would be registered with the AKC as a Fawn or Brindle and the Markings Section would not be checked off. So, your Boxer is simply fawn which can range from a light, tan to a darker reddish tone or brindle which is a striping pattern of tans and blacks. The black striping can be thin and well spaced apart showing lots of tan - again any solid shade from light tan to a darker shade with red tones or it can be very thick often referred to as reverse brindling or in extreme cases, seal. Below are samples of both colors without white markings. Brindle - A brindle colored Boxer is much different than a fawn. Brindle is a mixture of colors. There is always a base of tan again, some Boxers will have a light base, others a dark base and there will be striping lines of a dark color crossing through the coat. Usually the overlay is black, but some dogs will have red or dark brown. Fawn - This is a tan color that ranges from light to dark and can have reddish tones to it. It is solid and often described as the color of a deer. Though most think of this hue as being a light brown, it can also be a deeper, burnished red.

We have a fenced in play area, and large fields to run. We have other animals, including chickens, rabbits, cats and horses. Our 3 children love their animals and play a vital role in our puppies socialization. We have spared no expense to ensure that our puppies have absolutely the best health clearances. We want your pet to have a long and healthy lifetime! They also have a greatly reduced risk of cancer. Our puppies come with a 2 year genetic health guarantee , and we are also a proud supplier of NuVet Vitamins. We invite you to take the time to view their pedigrees and health clearances. To read more about us, click here. Over the years we have had 7 puppies and this was the best experience we have ever had with a breeder. Di has excellent communications and it was so easy to ask her any questions and reserve our puppy. She is also a great photographer and helped to document the life and growth of her litter of puppies. Through her photos and videos we could see the great socialization experiences she was providing the puppies. The clearances and K9data are all available online for the parents. Her puppies are healthy, clean, socialized and ready to go to loving homes at 8 weeks. We are in-home breeders with long-term, ethical breeding practices. We partner with each other to serve the United States with excellent, low-tempered, family dogs that are blocky and stunningly beautiful. Our Breeding Program We are not a puppy mill. We are a family business. Bill and Rita live outside Pittsburgh, PA and are retired couple who enjoy our acre hobby farm and go to great lengths to ensure that our parent dogs and puppies are treated with the best care. We are small, professional hobby breeders and always strive to protect and improve the breed. Our interview process ensures that families are able to provide a good home and environment for our puppies. We stand behind our puppies and offer a 2 year health guarantee and have many happy customers that have ongoing relationships with us. They are carefully socialized every day with the ENS Super Dog Protocol , along with lots of love and kisses from all ages of children and adults. We feed the highest quality food, and our doggies enjoy being in a home where they are cared for all day long. Our dogs are family dogs that sleep in our home. They all are highly trained, groomed, exercised, and socialized. Through our specialized training programs each puppy is prepared to take their place as a valued and happy member of their forever family. Golden Savannah is committed to responsibly breed and train each puppy. We are located in the beautiful hillside of Mohnton , Pennsylvania. Our Story Years ago, our first English Golden pups were born as ten stunning puppies that quickly became treasured members of the family. The name fit perfectly as we began to dedicate more of our time to breeding and raising our beautiful English Golden Retrievers. As the business grew we never established a full kennel, preferring instead to raise the puppies in a smaller and specialized environment. With many hours of research plus interacting with knowledgeable breeders, we learned that puppies who receive personalized training will have a more seamless and happy transition into their new family. In addition to breeding puppies, we also began offering several levels of added training programs for pups to learn the good hygiene, manners, and social graces. The English Cream Goldens are exceptionally friendly and intelligent, and a number of our puppies have even gone on to be successful therapy or service dogs. It is our joy at Golden Savannah to provide puppies that have become happy companion dogs to many, valued for their gentle benevolence and hearts of gold. We are located in the beautiful hillside of Mohnton, Pennsylvania. Customer Stories We go to great lengths to ensure that each puppy is entrusted into the care of a loving and capable family and we love to receive updated photos. It means the world to us at Golden Savannah to read stories about the pups that are sent from thrilled adoptive families. Introducing Mia, the newest member of our family. To be honest, I was completely overwhelmed with the idea of finding a dog, funding this adventure and the responsibility it would entail. When I started searching I became even more overwhelmed. I found many resources for veterans but not much for a young adult. I started searching for started dogs that we could continue to train on our own. Golden Savannah is a breeder from Pennsylvania. Mike was so supportive asking lots of questions to help determine just the right pup for Gretta and her needs. Continue reading… Kristi Pfeffer Nathe Hope all is well and you and your family enjoyed a wonderful summer! I wanted to send you some updated pics of our summer with Odin. He's been the best addition to our family and we couldn't love him any more! He's growing like crazy - already almost 60 lbs and just short of 6 months. People always comment on how well-behaved and mild mannered he is which makes us proud parents. There have even been multiple times where people have pulled over on the side of the road as we're going for walks to tell us how beautiful he is! And our friends and family love him just as much as we do! They all jump at an opportunity to babysit Odin if Andrew and I are going out of town. He's just finished his second round of training classes and has made lots of doggy friends and definitely captured the heart of our trainer. She also breeds Goldens here in Massachusetts and has a special connection with Odin. He gets to go to work with Andrew everyday and meet lots of people and dogs! I guess he feels like one of the boys : He's our little shadow and we can't wait to make more memories with him this winter! Share 0 Shares Golden Retrievers have always been a popular breed of dog! Due to their loving attitude, eagerness to please, and friendly demeanor, Goldens will forever be one of the most commonly owned dogs. If you are in the market for Golden Retriever puppies in the Pennsylvania area, check out our list below! We have gathered a list of the top 10 best PA Golden Retriever breeders for you! As always, we encourage you to do your own research on these breeders as well as pricing and contact information may be subject to change. Best Golden Retrievers Breeders in Pennsylvania 1. Brenda Davidson is the owner and she has specially picked each member of her breeding stock to ensure the best temperament. Brenda performs the first set of vaccinations for each puppy at 7 weeks of age and requires that anyone purchasing puppy schedules to finish vaccinations series with their veterinarian. All puppies will also be dewormed multiple times prior to picking up. Their webpage has a link to contact them. If after contacting them, there is a spot available on their waitlist, you will be required to secure a deposit before being added to the list. After the puppies are born, clients begin picking their puppy at around 6 weeks of age. Puppies will be available for pickup around 8 weeks of age. There will be a pet agreement that needs to be finished prior to picking up your puppy. Prices are subject to change. Name of owner. Breeders VS. The sad truth is that many pet store purchased pups actually come from puppy mills. Basically, there is zero authenticity with pet stores. When it comes to adopting any animal from a pet store, there is an increased risk of unforeseen health or genetic problems. You also cultivate a life-long relationship with the breeder, meaning support is available to you anytime you may need it. With My Golden Retriever Puppies, you have the option to come and visit both the puppy and the breeder in person! Golden Retrievers are an adaptable breed, meaning they are better at adapting to seasonal changes and various types of climate than certain other breeds. Goldens sport a double-coat, which ensures that these sweet pups are able to tolerate slightly colder temperatures than their friends from other breeds. Your pup deserves better than that, which is why here at My Golden Retriever Puppies, we ensure high-quality care is taken of your pet at all times. We even have all types of golden retrievers for sale! At My Golden Retriever Puppies, we pride ourselves on our golden retriever price being fair and affordable for high quality puppies. Location Information for Pennsylvania Customers Our home office is located in Ohio, but we understand that long-distance travel can be inconvenient. If you prefer to meet a breeder in person, they may be able to offer private visits at their home. Of course! Here at My Golden Retriever Puppies, we value family and authenticity, which is why we always guarantee our pups through our 2-year genetic health guarantee. Like adopting a Golden Retriever from a pet store, there is an increased risk when adopting a pup from a rescue center or shelter as well. For example, pups purchased through a shelter or rescue center are far less likely to come with the kinds of health guarantees and reassurances that a breeder can provide. What type of Golden Retrievers are sold in Pennsylvania? We have some good news! Ready to make your Golden Retriever dreams come true? Take a look at our convenient list of our golden retriever puppies for sale. How do I know which breeders to trust in Pennsylvania? Our independent network of trusted breeders have already been pre-screened and verified, so that you can focus on what really matters: choosing your dream puppy. Be the first to know when we have new puppies! All Rights Reserved. Life Span Did You Know? The English Cream Golden Retriever is not a separate dog breed from the Golden Retriever ; it is simply a rarer coat color variation. These Golden Retrievers tend to have light white or cream-colored coats instead of honey, golden-brown, or reddish coats. As they are still standard Golden Retrievers, they are recognized by the AKC and other canine organizations and can be registered. An English Cream Golden Retriever has all the same traits as any other Golden Retriever; they are one of the most popular dog breeds and tend to be open, friendly, and make great family pets. One of the facts about Golden Retrievers is that they are considered one of the friendliest dog breeds. As long as they are socialized and trained, Goldens tend to get along well with children, other dogs, and other pets. They are even known for being open and friendly with strangers. As one of the kid-friendly dog breeds , Golden Retrievers love attention. These dogs tend to be energetic, full of personality, and are devoted to their families. They also tend to be excitable, which means they can be prone to barking. Training your dog to stop barking early on can help curb this habit and help prevent it from becoming a nuisance. Due to their friendly, gentle nature and intelligence, Goldens can often be found working as service, therapy, or search and rescue dogs. English Cream Golden Retrievers are highly adaptable dogs. Their high energy and exuberance make them better suited for homes with yards where they can run. They can adapt to apartment living, but you will need to dedicate a lot of time every day to ensure they get enough attention, mental stimulation, and exercise. Goldens fare well in most climates. As with any dog breed, they are sensitive to heat and extreme cold. Because they bond so closely with their families and are one of the most affectionate dog breeds , they do not like to spend long periods of time alone. Some potential health concerns to be aware of in an English Cream Golden Retriever can include canine cataracts, progressive retinal atrophy, hip dysplasia, and elbow dysplasia. Good breeding practices reduce the risk of these health issues and make a big difference in the health of puppies. Reputable breeders will screen their dogs to avoid passing preventable issues to puppies. You can also ask about any health tests or clearances that have been done. The national breed club recommends hip and elbow evaluations, an NCL DNA test, an ophthalmologist evaluation, and a cardiac exam at a minimum. English Cream Golden Retrievers are intelligent and eager to please. This makes them highly trainable dogs that are a good fit for owners of all experience levels. Not only are they one of the best dog breeds for first-time owners , but they also tend to excel at obedience competitions and other dog sports. As one of the smartest dog breeds , Golden Retrievers can get bored easily. Because they pick up things quickly, they can get bored with too much repetition in training. If your dog has mastered basic commands , move on to other activities or more advanced commands. Anything you learn will help and will only strengthen the bond you are building with your puppy. Plus, there are several other benefits of puppy training classes including socialization. English Cream Goldens may have a lighter-colored coat, but they still have the classic longer Golden Retriever coat that will shed a big year-round and heavier as the seasons change. You will want to bathe them as needed and get your Golden professionally groomed a few times a year, especially as the seasons change. Trimming nails once or twice a month keeps them from growing too long. Weekly ear checks, along with careful cleanings as needed, can help prevent ear infections. Daily tooth brushing is ideal to keep tartar buildup at bay. This, plus cleanings at the vet when needed, is good dental care for dogs and can help prevent painful dental diseases later in life. Golden Retrievers are known for being high-energy dogs. Like Labrador Retrievers , they also tend to have an extended puppyhood. They do tend to calm down a little as they grow into adulthood, but will still have a lot of energy. Daily walks plus some playtime, time to run, and other activities are usually enough to keep this dog happy and healthy. Goldens tend to be athletic and versatile dogs. So, once they are done growing and the vet has cleared them for higher-impact activities, you can take them running with you, play frisbee, go hiking, train for dog sports, and more. As one of the most active dog breeds , you will likely run out of energy before they do and they will likely be up for even more activity if you are. An English Cream Golden Retriever generally lives for years on average. Golden Retrievers are one of the dog breeds of famous dogs.

An adjustable noose is present which makes it possible to wear the same collar for a long period. Cons If too tight, the collar may cause abrasion. These needs vary from dog to dog, so consider the following things while shopping around to make sure you are getting nothing but the best collar for your pooch. Material Nylon, polyester, neoprene, leather, and many other materials are used to make dog collars. All these materials have their own sets of pros and cons. For example, nylon is chew-proof, durable, non-stretchable, and affordable but it may begin to smell foul after some time. Although the collars with a mix of nylon and neoprene padding are good as everyday collars due to being sensitive and durable. The last and most popular material used to make dog collars is leather. The only problem is that the leather dog collars usually come with super-hefty price tags. Mostly, the german shepherds have thick necks and narrow heads so you better measure both the neck and head size to find the perfect fit. Also, you should know how tight should a dog collar be because if the collar is too tight, it will choke your pet whereas if the collar is too loose, your dog might pick it up and rip it apart or slip out of it. Style Factors like style and design need to consider and prefer only when your dog is fully trained. Since german shepherds have a pleasant mix of golden, grey, and black strands, spotting them in woods might get difficult — both day and night. Therefore, it would be great if you get a collar in vibrant collars for daytime use and a reflective collar for the night. Due to their aggressive and over-protective nature, some people possess a negative image of german shepherds in their minds. Remember that german shepherds are super intelligent when it comes to understanding and learning the commands so you should never be too harsh on them during training. Instead, just give them some time and a comfortable collar so they can focus fully on the training rather than discomfort. Durability As mentioned before, the factors like style and design should only be preferred if your dog is fully trained. Generally, the collars with double stitching and high-density webbing are considered lasting. Whereas, dual buckle strap closures are considered more secure than quick-release, single buckles. All you need to do is to look around for such a sturdy yet stylish collar. Generally, the neck size of an adult german shepherd is around cm inches. This will keep your dog comfortable, away from potential choking hazards. Most of the time, NO! However, if you still think your dog has grown up into a stubborn, bad boy, you can go with the harder options of choke and prong collars but only after the consultation of a professional dog trainer. It depends upon whether your dog is trained or not. For example, if your german shepherd is prone to pull the leash or bark excessively, or escape, you should keep the collar on all the time. The collar will not only help you attain better control over your pooch but the engraved buckle will make it easier for others to find your lost dog. Shock collars or e collars because they induce pain which might frighten your dog, making him more aggressive and anxious. Even though you know the correct way of placing a prong collar , make your dog wear it only for a few minutes a day. We hope that this article has made it easier to find the best collar for a german shepherd. If you find somewhere stuck or confused, feel free to contact us, with your query, in the comment section! Having owned horses, dogs, cats, and even an African grey parrot over the years, Sue is a passionate advocate for animal rights and welfare, having experienced firsthand the trauma some of her rescues had been exposed to. As a freelance journalist and content writer for over 20 years, her goal has been to craft informative articles on responsible pet ownership and care, both in print and online. When not behind her computer, Sue can be found taking long walks on the beach with her dogs or hanging out in the garden with them. Latest Posts. Each one of the items is made by hand, with love. Browse through our site and we are sure you will find the perfect custom leather dog collar, leash, harness or muzzle for your German Shepherd companion. If not, contact us and we can help you to find something truly special and unique for your dearest pet! German Shepherd Dogs are unique creatures who are one of the most easily recognised breeds in the world. Muscular by their appearance, alert with a noble and aloof attitude and smart by nature, they are favourite pets for plenty of families in the world. The dogs are agile, well balanced and carry themselves with pride. Their coats come in a range of colours. Due to our wide range of accessories and colors available black, brown, tan, white, pink , you can choose the most appropriate for your canine. The German Shepherd makes the best friends with the handler developing a very close bond with him. This dog is eager to learn and very responsive to training. The young pups, puppies and adult German Shepherds need some hours of daily entertaining after exercising. With our attractive toys and bite tugs, you can combine these 2 activities in one. Grooming should be done several times a week, with a vigorous brushing to remove any dead or loose hairs. If it is a longhaired German Shepherd dog, combing will also be necessary. Buy comfy brushes for your darling doggie! German Shepherd Collars Dog Collars impress with their variety. Collars can be used for helping to control your dog, can be personalised for identification and have also become popular as pet fashion accessories. Dog collars are commonly paired with a lead and used for dog walking. A dog collar can also be used for attaching ID tags and medical information too. Nappa Padded Leather Dog Collar with Braids Durable, tough and functional, these handcrafted dog collars have timeless appeal. Their classic, extraordinary or elegant look features durable metal buckle with D-ring. These qualities make collars ideal for everyday use. Metal Collars are produced by sophisticated techniques, consistent quality control, superb craftsmanship and the highest quality raw materials. Herm Sprenger German chain products are superior by no means. Will not tarnish, rust or break. The harness is a great tool to help the dog owner to take control over his dog in a kind and humane way. Nylon Dog Harness with Patches Harnesses for large dogs prevent your dog from pulling and reduce the risk of neck injuries. FDT harness spreads the load around the chest instead of concentrating it around the neck. This is very comfortable and safe for little pets. So you can choose appropriate gear for even a puppy or small dog. A harness, chosen and fitted properly, can be safer than a collar for your dog to wear when being walked. German Shepherd Muzzles Dog muzzles are considered a very helpful aid to a dog training program or just daily walking. When your German Shepherd is muzzled, it is safe to walk with him everywhere. Visiting public places, special occasions or planned vet visit will become a pleasure for both of you. Leather, metal or nylon, FDT muzzles are different and respond to many purposes. Special wire cages allow your pet drinking and eating. Basket muzzles provide free barking and panting but still prevent biting. So do leather mesh muzzles. Padded on Nose Leather Dog Muzzle If you wish to stop your canine barking, there is a nice choice of anti-barking gear. If you are a fan of exclusive accessories, here are studded dog muzzles. The common features of these tools are their strength, reliability, durability, comfort and high quality. German Shepherd Leads After purchasing a perfect leather dog collar, harness or muzzle, you will definitely need a leash to go with it. And not just an ordinary leash you can buy at our store for your German Shepherd, but exclusive handcrafted accessories. There are different types of leashes to choose from: plain, handcrafted, braided leather and nylon. Leather leashes come in black, brown and tan. Nylon are only black. Our leashes are available in different lengths and different widths - you are sure to find a leash that suits you and your dog! Genuine leather is super soft from the start and extremely durable. To pamper your German Shepherd, there is a nice opportunity for you. The best dog treats , safe and tasty; cool pet toys and bite dog tugs, great as for training as for playing; different kennel accessories to take care of your canine every day and many other interesting goods made with the dog in mind!

Male vs. Female Golden Retriever Size This is the least subjective difference in this list. As far as where each dog falls in this range, that will depend heavily on the parents at least for height. Weight will not only depend on the dog and their parents, but also how much you feed and exercise them. Since they mature slower, male Goldens will act like puppies for longer than female Goldens. My Golden, Oliver, just turned three years old and he still acts like a wild, goofy puppy. Which leads us to the next point… Male vs. Female Golden Retriever Personalities This is probably the most subjective trait on this list. Females are more independent, dominant over other dogs, stubborn, and protective. Females are also often more caring and in tune with your emotions than males. In addition to genetics affecting their personalities, another thing that can affect their personalities is their past. We fostered a 9-year-old female Golden for a month and she was certainly more dominant and protective than our boy, but she was not independent at all. However, once your male Golden gets neutered , this will slow down a lot more on this later. Click here to download the potty training cheat sheet to make potty training much easier! They were originally bred to hunt birds back in the s, so if they barked, they would scare the birds off. However, there are a few things you should know when it comes to Goldens and barking. Males have louder, deeper barks than females because of their bigger size. In fact, Charlie, a male Golden Retriever from Australia, owns the world record for loudest bark. But on the other hand, females often bark more than males. This is due to them usually being more protective more on this later. Female Golden Retriever Humping Yes, we all know that males hump. But did you know that female Goldens hump, too? Both males and females hump because of sexual urges, displaying dominance, playing, and other reasons. Neutering or spaying will help decrease it, but expect to deal with humping no matter which gender you get. And this takes us to the next difference… Male vs. Spaying or neutering your dog is a complicated question. Your decision will depend on your dog, your lifestyle, their gender, and even your culture I know that sounds weird, but this article will explain why. Again, talk to your vet to decide when the time is right for your pup. And for reference, Labradors are the seventh smartest dog breed. This could be because they mature faster or are less mischievous, or maybe they actually tend to be smarter. But just like all of the traits in this list, it really depends on the individual dog. Female Golden Retriever Protection Although males are bigger than females and have a louder bark, females are usually more protective of their homes and their families. Let me know in the comments! So how do you get the best dog for you? Talk to the breeder. They know the puppies and the parents best and can tell you what to expect. For example, if you want a dog to do agility, dock diving, or even hunting with, then you probably want an athletic, energetic field Golden Retriever , not a stocky show Golden Retriever. You can read this article for more information about how to find a good Golden Retriever breeder. Goldens are so popular right now and the waitlists are very long, so you might have to just accept what you can get. Oliver picked my wife by crawling into her lap and the decision was made then and there. Have any questions about male vs. Let me know in the comments below! And if you liked this article, then read about English vs. American Golden Retrievers next. Related articles:. Frequently Asked Questions Male vs. As with most breeds, the males tend to be larger than the females. A fully grown male Golden Retriever can weigh anywhere between 65 and 75 pounds, while a fully grown female will top out at around 55 to 65 pounds. As expected, the two differ in height, as well. Adult male Goldens usually stand between 23 and 24 inches tall at the shoulders. In contrast, adult females stand at around 21 and 22 inches tall at the shoulders. Aside from height and weight, there are other visible differences between male and female Golden Retrievers. Both male and female Goldens need regular brushing and grooming , but males may require more, due to their thicker coats. Male Golden Retrievers also tend to have broader heads and snouts, while females have a more narrow head and a skinnier snout. In general, females are more slender, while males tend to have a stockier appearance. Male vs. Female Golden Retriever Key Difference 2: Personality Traits and Demeanor Male and female Golden Retrievers share many of the same personality traits , like friendliness and gentle nature. Some owners report that males and females tend to have different personality traits. However, many of these reports are anecdotal, rather than proven. Some owners believe that their male Goldens tend to be far more attached to members of the family, while female Goldens are more independent. A male Golden might be more likely to stay glued at your hip, eager to please you and earn your affection. While female Goldens do get attached and want to please you, they might not be as clingy as their male counterparts. This is not to say that female Goldens are not affectionate. They just might express their affection differently than male Goldens. Some owners also report that male Goldens also tend to have more stubborn behavior than females. That is true for both male and female Goldens. Whether they are male or female, if your Golden Retrievers has a higher energy level, they may require more regular physical activity and exertion to prevent destructive behaviors or mood issues. That can be throwing a ball in the backyard or going for a daily walk around the neighborhood. In the case of male vs. All Golden Retrievers are prone to certain medical and physical conditions, including elbow dysplasia, retinal cataracts, bloat, epilepsy, aortic stenosis, Von Willebrand disease, and various types of cancer. While all Goldens are susceptible to these conditions, female Goldens come with their unique health concerns in addition to those experienced by the breed. For example, unspayed female Goldens have an increased risk of conditions like hip dysplasia. Improvements in screening and careful breeding have been lowering the rates of this condition in recent years. Females are also more likely to develop ocular myasthenia and adrenocortical insufficiency. Overall, male and female Goldens have the same life expectancy, reaching anywhere between 10 and 12 years. In some cases, both male and female Golden Retrievers can even live between 14 and 15 years. While all Goldens are highly intelligent, some puppy owners report that their female Goldens seem to pick up concepts slightly quicker than males, making them more adept at associating prompts and actions. This may lead to the assumption that females are easier to train. Goldens can often correctly respond to commands starting as young as 12 weeks old, whether they are male or female. Working with an experienced professional who can show you positive training methods can help make things like obedience training much easier, no matter whether you have a male Golden puppy or a female one. Male vs Female Golden Retriever Key Difference 6: Family Compatibility While Golden Retrievers make great family pets, there are a few things about the two genders that may make you choose one over the other for your household. Since female Goldens are sometimes reported to have calmer dispositions, they may be a nice choice for families that include children or seniors. Female Goldens are sometimes believed to be more careful and observant around small children, whereas male Goldens might be more carefree and playful. Due to their larger size, a male Golden Retriever might be able to knock children or senior adults over if they get hyper. Goldens of either gender are remarkably friendly, but this energetic spirit could cause injury to certain family members who cannot handle the size of a medium-to-large breed dog. Goldens are an ideal match for young couples who love a lot of activity. Whether you choose a male or female Golden Retriever, rest assured they will bring years of love, loyalty, and fun to your family! Exercise and Play: Regular exercise is essential to keep these energetic dogs healthy and happy, ensuring daily walks and playtime. Early Training and Socialization: Begin training early and expose your Golden Retriever to various people and situations for a well-behaved and confident adult dog. Grooming Care: Their thick double coat requires regular grooming, including brushing and occasional baths. Health Maintenance: Regular veterinary check-ups, a balanced diet, and preventive care are vital for their overall well-being. Living Space: Ensure you have enough room in your home and yard to accommodate their medium to large size and active lifestyle. Family Compatibility: Golden Retrievers are generally good with children and other pets , but supervise interactions to ensure safety and harmony. Financial Preparedness: Owning a dog comes with expenses, so be financially ready for their care and well-being. Safety Precautions: Puppy-proof your living space to eliminate potential hazards and provide a safe environment. Lifelong Commitment: Be prepared for a long-term commitment as Golden Retrievers typically have a lifespan of 10 to 12 years or more. Although golden retrievers are generally not hyperactive, females are sometimes believed to mature faster than males. This may help them to learn commands at a slightly younger age, although these differences tend to disappear as a dog gets a little older. Are male dogs friendlier than females? Male dogs are not necessarily more friendly, than female Golden Retrievers. In most cases, the differences will come from the individual personality of the puppy in question, rather than the gender. What is the difference between male dogs and female dogs? It really comes down to the individual personality of a puppy more than its gender. Can you have 2 male Golden Retrievers? Goldens are actually happier when they have companions, and while two males may fight to figure out who is the alpha between them, you could just as easily experience this same dynamic between two female Golden Retrievers or mixed genders. Do male or female dogs live longer? It has been noted that gender does not typically play a role in determining the life span of a dog, although males tend to live slightly longer on average. Spaying and neutering a dog seems to have a greater impact on the lifespan of a Golden Retriever. Is it better to get a male or female golden retriever? The answer to this question will usually come down to your personal preferences. While some dog owners report that males or females tend to have certain characteristics, in most cases, these differences stem more from the personality of an individual puppy than from their gender. He and his wife have four children and love spending time together, traveling lived oversees for 4 years , enjoying the outdoors and connecting Golden families. Be the first to know when we have new puppies! All Rights Reserved. Updated: June 29th, This article contains affiliate links. Read the full disclosure here. If you are looking at adopting an adorable golden retriever, you may reach a point in the process where you wonder which is a better choice for you, male dog vs female dog? While male golden retrievers are slightly larger, and females can be a little more prone to certain health concerns, their personalities and intelligence are equal. If you adopt a goldie of either sex you will find yourself with an intelligent and loyal dog that is easy to train, eager to please, downright gorgeous, and sheds everywhere. Males will generally reach between 23 and 24 inches in height and weigh between 65 and 75 pounds, though they can be as heavy as 95 pounds. Females are a bit smaller, usually measuring between .If the size is important to you, then you might want to choose between a male and a female dog on that basis. Additionally, if you are looking for a dog of a certain size it is worth speaking to the breeder, who may specialize in larger or smaller goldies. Appearance Female and male golden retrievers do have differences in appearance that go beyond size. Males tend to have stockier bodies with broader heads and snouts. Females are leaner in general and have narrower heads and snouts. All goldens tend to be heavy shedders regardless of gender. Obviously if you are planning on breeding, you may want a male or female dog specifically for that purpose. Female dogs enter their heat cycle about twice a year, and during this time they will need to be kept away from other dogs. Male dogs are ready to go most of the time, and they can lose control of themselves when they encounter a female dog in heat. They are much more likely to make escape attempts and put themselves in danger while tracking a female in heat. Potent male dog hormones also mean that male dogs can be more likely to do things such as mark their territory, hump people, other animals, furniture, and the air, and display alpha male behavior. Controlling these behaviors is about training, though, and goldies are highly trainable. If you are planning on having your dog spayed or neutered, gender matters even less. While it does not completely remove hormone-related behaviors from dogs, the procedure does diminish them and make them much more controllable. Behavior Some experienced goldie owners claim they can see differences in the personality and behavior of male and female golden retrievers, but the evidence is circumstantial, and there always seems to be someone out there with an opposite experience. Nevertheless, it is worth considering. Some people believe that female golden retrievers tend to be easier to train. This is often linked with the fact that female goldies reach maturity sooner, so they are just a bit more pliable during those important training months. Whether this makes a difference in the long term is unclear. Others suggest that male goldies tend to be more loyal, or clingier, and are more eager to spend time with their people; however, there is no suggestion that female goldens are aloof. The breed in general is very loving and enjoys spending as much time with their family as possible. While some statistics suggest that male dogs are six times more likely to bite than female ones, research suggests that this is less about nature and more about nurture. Humans have a tendency to anthropomorphize their dogs treat them like humans , and therefore encourage and expect different behaviors. Because of this, pet parents are more likely to accept aggressive behavior in male dogs as normal and less likely to train it out. Health When you research golden retrievers, you will see that they are vulnerable to a range of health issues , as is common for purebred dogs. This includes hip and elbow dysplasia, retinal cataracts, epilepsy, and cancer. This does not mean that there is a high chance that your dog will suffer from any of these ailments, but they are things that your dog should be screened for. Female golden retrievers have a few more possible health issues than males. This includes an increased risk of hip dysplasia for unspayed dogs and an increased likelihood to develop ocular myasthenia and adrenocortical insufficiency, but breeders do their best to control for these factors. Golden retrievers are generally healthy and have a lifespan of years, which is about normal for dogs of their size. Read our guide to the best age to spay or neuter a golden retriever for their health. One area where gender may make a difference is if you plan on introducing a new golden into a home that already has a dog. Generally speaking, dogs tend to get along better with other dogs when they are of the opposite sex. It is probably linked to balancing hormones and natural competitiveness. If you already have a dog at home, then, you might want to consider getting a golden of the opposite gender as a counterbalance. FAQs Are male or female golden retrievers more affectionate? While anecdotal evidence suggests that male golden retrievers might be a little more affectionate than their female counterparts, generally speaking, goldies are a loving, loyal, and affectionate breed, whether male or female. Are male or female golden retrievers calmer? Female golden retrievers may appear calmer than male dogs because they reach maturity sooner and so pass through the excitable puppy phase a bit faster, but as adult dogs, they tend to have very similar energy levels and levels of playfulness. Should I get a male or female dog? Aside from questions of breeding, gender is not a good indicator of how appropriate a dog will be as a pet. More important factors are breed characteristics, which will dictate size, trainability, and how easy they are to care for in general. Also, if you are adopting an adult dog, their previous lifestyle will be a significant factor. Are male golden retrievers protective? Both male and female golden retrievers are highly protective of their families, but they are also smart enough to know the difference between new people and threatening ones. They are much less likely to get unnecessarily aggressive than some other breeds. Are female dogs less aggressive? In terms of nature, female dogs are not less aggressive than male dogs, but in terms of nurture, they might be. People tend to anthropomorphize their dogs, which leads to different behavior expectations. For this reason, male dogs can learn that a bit more aggression is acceptable. The Verdict It is understandable to assume that male and female golden retrievers might be quite different and that you should carefully consider which gender is right for you, but the reality is that there are fewer significant differences between the sexes than you might imagine. Male golden retrievers are larger, stockier, and have a thicker coat, while the females are smaller, lighter, and finer. Female goldens may also be susceptible to a few more health conditions, but they are still healthy dogs with the same lifespan as their male counterparts. Obviously, their reproductive systems are different which will matter if you are breeding, but it does not make a huge difference to their behavior especially if they have been spayed or neutered. Behaviors such as territory marking can usually be controlled through training. Beyond this, there is no difference between the wonderful personalities of male and female golden retrievers, and they both make excellent family pets. Do you have opinions on the difference between male and female golden retrievers? Share them with the community in the comments section below. You May Also Like. Life Span Did You Know? The Golden Retriever has been an AKC-recognized breed since and was commonly used as a gun dog and for retrieving small game such as waterfowl, and for companionship. The Golden Retriever originated in the Scottish Highlands. The first Lord Tweedmouth, Dudley Majoribanks, is credited with developing the breed and keeping detailed records to create the ideal gun dog for the terrain. Great discipline and a gentle spirit make the Golden Retriever a perfect retrieval breed since the goal of this task is to bring the trophy back as undamaged as possible. Golden Retrievers first appeared in dog shows in at a British dog show. They also started appearing in the United States around the same time as they were brought across the Canadian border. They gained popularity with sport hunters and in general. Their popularity really took off in the s and they are consistently one of the most popular dog breeds. If you are not the sporting type, bringing a Golden Retriever into your family as a pet is just as rewarding because they are one of the most loyal and jovial breeds out there. One of the facts about Golden Retrievers is that they are the epitome of friendly and make fantastic family dogs. Golden Retrievers are considered one of the friendliest dog breeds. They tend to be good with kids, other dogs, other pets, and even strangers. Goldens love attention and they bond closely with their families. They are affectionate with them, and also just about everyone else. Although they do tend to get along with everyone, they love being around their favorite humans the most. They will bark to alert you and can end up barking a lot if you do not train your dog to stop barking early on. Golden Retrievers are highly adaptable dogs. They thrive in homes with yards where they can run. They can also adapt to apartment living as long as they get enough daily exercise, mental stimulation, and attention. These dogs do well in just about any climate, but are sensitive to heat. As one of the most affectionate dog breeds , they are not at all happy about being left alone for long periods of time. Although super-friendly and attention-loving, Goldens can also be sensitive to their surroundings; make sure they feel included, but have a quiet place to go if things get too noisy or overwhelming. Potential health concerns to be aware of in a Golden Retriever include progressive retinal atrophy, cataracts, elbow dysplasia , and hip dysplasia. Good breeding practices make a big difference in the health of puppies. Reputable breeders screen their dogs to avoid passing preventable issues to puppies. So, make sure you ask about the health and genetic history of the parents. You can also ask about any health tests or clearances that have been done. Goldens are considered one of the best dog breeds for first-time owners. They are highly trainable dogs that pick up on things quickly and are eager to please. These traits make them a good fit for owners of all experience levels. It also helps them excel at obedience competitions. As one of the smartest dog breeds , Golden Retrievers can get bored easily. Because they pick up things quickly, they can get bored with too much repetition in training. If your dog has mastered the command, move on to something more advanced or another activity. You can also enroll in puppy training classes for some variety in training and also some socialization. Golden Retrievers have a long double coat that will shed a little year-round and will be heavier twice a year as the seasons change. Brushing a few times a week and daily brushing during seasonal shedding along with a bath as needed is usually enough for at-home care. You will want to go to the dog groomer for a professional trim a few times a year, especially as the seasons change. Nail trims once or twice monthly keep nails from growing too long. Daily tooth brushing, along with cleanings at the vet when needed, is ideal. Golden Retrievers are one of the most active dog breeds. Daily walks plus some playtime, time to run, and other activities are usually enough to keep these dogs happy and healthy. But, they are high-energy dogs that will likely always be up for more activity if you are. Much like the Labrador , they also tend to have an extended puppyhood. They tend to start winding down a little around the age of 3 and settle into your lifestyle, but they will still be high-energy dogs that require a lot of daily activity. Goldens are known for being versatile and athletic dogs. They tend to love swimming. Once they are done growing and the vet clears them for higher-impact activities, you can try other things too. They are one of the dog breeds that make good running partners. You can also teach them how to play frisbee or play fetch. Training for dog sports is another good option. In addition to obedience, Golden Retrievers are well suited for agility, dock diving , rally, flyball, tracking, and more. Fully-grown Golden Retrievers usually stand inches tall and weigh pounds. Golden Retrievers generally live for years on average. With their intelligence, eagerness to please, and gentle disposition, Golden Retrievers are versatile working dogs. In addition to being one of the dog breeds that make the best service dogs , Goldens can be found working as emotional support dogs, certified therapy dogs, search and rescue dogs, military dogs, police dogs, animal actors, and more. Featured Golden Retriever Article.

Helpful tips for caring for your puppy About the Labrador Retriever The Labrador Retriever originated in Canada in the 19th century and is now a world-wide beloved dog breed. These dogs are medium-sized dogs, females have a height of .Their average weight as an adult is pounds for females and pounds for males. They have a life expectancy of years. When it comes to their temperament, Labrador retrievers are very loyal, friendly and affectionate companion dogs. They are known for being very social towards strangers and other dogs. Labrador retrievers also come in three colours : black, brown or yellow. These dogs are very active as they need plenty of walks, play time and affection. They are great with children and make a great companion dog. If you're thinking of adopting a Labrador retriever puppy, keep reading as we go through how to care for them! Learn more about the Labrador Retriever in our breed sheet. When to collect your Labrador puppy You can adopt and collect your Labrador puppy once they are 8 weeks old. This way, you make sure that they have had enough time to socialize with their family, mother and siblings. It also makes sure that they have developed good bite moderation before being adopted to their new family. Other advantages are that they have had time to drink their mother's milk and properly wean off. They will also feel more independent and will transition better to their new home after being 8 weeks old. We also encourage you to check out your local animal shelter before buying from a breeder. Where your puppy should sleep the first night When it comes to sleeping at night, your puppy will have some difficulties. This may be due to the new environment and new people. They may feel unprotected and disoriented. For this reason, it's normal to hear them cry as they may be calling their mother for guidance and company. Now that you've adopted this puppy, this is your job as their human companion. When they call out, try to be there for them as they are scared and lonely. Be understanding as your puppy learns to adapt to their new home. As a puppy is very dependent and on their first night they will feel scared and disoriented, it's best they sleep near you on their first night. Remember that puppies tend to sleep with their siblings and their mother. Being alone in a new place for the first time will be difficult for them. The best option for your new puppy is to sleep in their own bed inside your room, near you. So that if they feel scared or lost and cry, you can let them know that you are there with them. Once they feel more oriented and safe in their new home, you can move their bed to another location where they can sleep. Learn more in our article where we elaborate on how to prepare for your puppy's first night in their new home. What to feed your Labrador retriever puppy When feeding your Labrador retriever puppy, you will need to provide them with a rich and balanced diet. Keep in mind that puppies begin weaning when they are around weeks old. This means that they will slowly transition from their mother's milk to a solid food canine diet. A natural canine diet mainly consists in essential fatty acids and meat-based protein. The protein should have two or three types of protein from meat. For example: whole chicken, lamb, beef and fish. For fat sources, you can opt for chicken fat. Good fat sources can solute some of the most important vitamins a dog needs. When it comes to carbs, it should be kept in a low amount as dogs thrive on meat. If you are cooking for your dog, then we recommend to include low amounts of whole carbs, such as sweet potatoes. Lastly, you can offer some fruits and vegetables that provide good vitamins and minerals to help your dog's over-all health. Training your Labrador retriever puppy Labrador Retrievers are very active and intelligent dogs. Other than daily exercise, they will need basic dog training. Yes, even as a puppy! You can begin training your dog with paper training. Learn more about that in our article about paper training for puppies. You can then begin to teach them basic commands, such as to sit, stay, or even to play fetch. Remember to always train them for short amounts of time each day, not exceeding 15min, and always through positive reinforcement. This way, training will be enjoyable for them and will help you create a greater bond with them. To learn more, read our article about when to start training your puppy. Exercising your Labrador retriever puppy Your Labrador retriever puppy will needs plenty of exercise. Due to their small size as a puppy, this will mostly be at home. They will begin by playing with their siblings and walking or running around the house. Then, after their first round of vaccinations, usually around the age of 7 weeks old, puppies will begin to go outside. This is a very important part of their puppyhood as they will learn to go out on walks with their caregivers and will begin their socialization period. During this period, they will meet and interact with new people and other dogs. They will also explore new places. It's very important that during this period they have good interactions and don't get traumatized. When a puppy is well socialized from a young age, they will have a balanced temperament as adult dogs. Learn more in our article about socializing puppies. Hygiene care Next, we're going to talk about maintaining our puppy's hygiene. As Labrador puppies haven't grown their full coat, they won't need to be brushed regularly just yet. A bath is only necessary when they get very dirty on their outdoor walks. Dental hygiene is also important when it comes to caring for a puppy. You can opt for a dog tooth paste or a dental canine treat. Talk to your veterinarian to see which would be best for you puppy, and learn more in our article about dental hygiene for dogs. Other than that, we must make sure that their everyday environment is also clean and that we refresh their water bowl everyday. This way, our puppy will have great personal hygiene and we can help them prevent certain health issues from a young age. Health care Lastly, we're going to talk about your Labrador retriever's health. The Labrador Retriever is a relatively healthy and long-living dog, especially if they stay in shape. However, the lack of genetic diversity resulting from breeding programs makes them prone to certain hereditary diseases and conditions , which are usually manifested as the dog grows old. For instance, Labradors tend to suffer from hip dysplasia. When your Lab is a puppy, you must ensure they get the necessary vaccines, and you must follow their vaccination schedule during the rest of their lives. This will prevent them from suffering very serious diseases that tend to affect dogs. If you want your dog to stay as healthy as possible, go to the vet for check-ups every 6 months. You can prevent the development of common diseases by watching your Lab for symptoms and caring for them as best as you can. Labrador Retrievers are prone to obesity - they love treats, and if they don't get enough exercise they will soon become overweight, with the related muscular and joint problems. Helpful tips for caring for your puppy We hope that this article has given you great insight when it comes to caring for a Labrador Retriever puppy. Here are some other helpful articles for caregivers that are adopting puppies:. When you bring a new puppy home, it's important to keep feeding it the same food that it has been eating at its previous home. The AKC advocates for the responsible ownership of dogs and promotes purebred dog events, such as the Westminster Dog Show. Go to source Talk to the person or organization that you are adopting your puppy from to see what food they are feeding it. They should willingly provide that info and they may even send you home with some if you can't find any to buy. If you can't find the right food in your local pet supply store, consider ordering it online. However, you would need to order it ahead of time so that you have it on hand when the puppy comes home. If you want to feed your puppy a different food from what it has been eating, you will need to switch its food over the course of several days. Feed that mix for several days. Finally, you can give the puppy all new food. If you are content to give your puppy the food it was originally eating, it's fine to do that. Every puppy will have different nutritional needs. Because of this, it's a good idea to discuss proper nutrition with your vet. They can suggest great foods to give your puppy and how much it should be eating. Go to source The right portion size depends on the size of your puppy and its metabolism. Ask your vet to teach you how to body score your puppy. This will allow you to do a quick visual check to see whether your puppy is losing or gaining weight. Tip: If your vet suggests a specific food but doesn't tell you how much to give your puppy, follow the instructions on the packaging. Doing 3 or 4 feedings per day allows your puppy to get enough nutrients without overwhelming its digestive system with a huge amount of food at once. This is especially important when your puppy is under 6 months old, as they have delicate systems. Go to source Don't just leave the food out all day. Take the food away after the puppy eats for about 10 or 15 minutes. Lab puppies should always have access to fresh water so that they can stay adequately hydrated. Put out a dish of water and dump it out, clean the dish, and refill it daily. Some puppies are really messy with their water dishes. To prevent a mess, try putting the water dish on a tray, so that spilled water won't go right onto the floor. They help you find the information you need right now. You might also want to check out our sections on Labrador Puppy Training. Do let us know what you would like to see added to the site. We are always happy to have your comments and suggestions. When To Collect Your Puppy We highly recommend that puppies are not removed from their breeder until they are 8 weeks old. There are lots of good reasons for this. It helps puppies develop good bite moderation skills before they are adopted into a family, ensures that they are ready to adapt quickly to their new life. And it helps to reduce the sad numbers of puppies bred for a quick profit. Puppies sold under seven weeks old often have health problems and need special care, and extra veterinary attention. Check out the following articles for further information: When can puppies leave their mother Your first puppy Your first puppy is a huge adventure. You have so much fun ahead. Labradors are generally very friendly dogs, but they can also be very distractible. So do start daily training games, using plenty of food. You can get regular training tips from Pippa by email, using the box below. However, a healthy six-month-old labrador will grow significantly in size. Some of them can weigh up to 50 pounds. For a more balanced diet at six months, you can shift from feeding your puppy three smaller meals per day to two meals a day. To counteract this, you can drop the amount of food and gradually increase it. Setting Your Lab Puppy Up for Successful Potty Training Training an animal to control their bladders until you get outside is no different than potty-training for toddlers. In other words, crate training speeds up the potty-training process for your pet. Effective crate training depends on two things: Praising and rewarding your puppy for relieving itself outside. They come to understand this as a desirable behavior. Preventing your puppy from going to the toilet within the home. So, why is using a crate to train your puppy to go outside so effective? Initially, this should be every hour or so. As labs grow older, you can reduce the frequency as they learn to hold and release independently. Step 2: House Training a Lab Puppy Housetraining or potty-training small labs can be, well, frustrating. As a pet owner, there are simple ways to train your puppy to understand ideal behavior quickly. Instead, they simply forget that they should control it. This helps avoid any issues early on. Keep small labrador puppies off the carpet. How to Feed Your Dog for Optimal Growth Feeding your labrador puppy a balanced diet could be an entire guide all on its own. It can feel overwhelming because you do have many options when it comes to feeding your dog. For example, if you work from home, it would be easy to feed your dog homemade dog food. Similarly, you might work a and yet want to reap the health-related benefits of a raw diet. Make sure to speak to your vet first. You do have choices for what to feed your puppy and you can mix and match these. Popular feeding options for any animal include kibble, wet food, raw food, and home-cooked food. Remember, a puppy is still growing, and they need a complete profile of nutrients and minerals to support their development. There are many commercial brands of dry food or kibble to choose from and you can adjust what you buy based on the ingredients. Do your research and find a brand you trust, with as much bioavailable nutritional content as is helpful. These can harm your puppy. In order to maintain good health and prevent simple ailments, your puppy can also benefit from taking a supplement. Some families choose to mix scraps or raw food with kibble to provide moisture and decrease the amount of food versus the calories consumed. Any veterinarian will tell you that a hard and fast rule is not necessarily the type of food but the amount. Obesity is a condition that can lead to many health issues for this breed. Over-exertion, especially for a puppy, is possible. This includes activities like playing fetch or tug and release. However, breeds that worked as a hunting companion for humans love to be active. Again, this goes back to the strengths of the breed. Keeping up with your puppy could be a task-and-a-half, so in the first months of life, you should be keeping them in your backyard or playing with them at home. As they become house trained and get all their vaccinations, you can turn walks into light jogs or runs if you want. In the long-term, exercise will help keep dogs healthy and disease-free. However, early dog training can eliminate common problems with puppy temperament and help make sure that your fur friend is always as friendly and happy as possible through the years. Puppy socialization simply means making your puppy open to and familiar with new experiences. You want to provide stimulation and encounters with experiences that they will probably face as adults. The window of opportunity to make sure your puppy is always a happy and friendly pooch closes around 14 weeks. Pre-Vaccination Lab Puppy Socialization Any veterinarian will tell you that a puppy is all done with their vaccinations after 12 weeks of age. The main point is to keep your puppy away from other dogs who may not yet be vaccinated or the excrement and markings of other animals that could carry data diseases. You can head to an off-leash dog park to allow them to explore and meet other fur friends. You can also take them beyond your backyard to the countryside to enable them to swim or set up obstacle courses and play with them. Another thing that people forget about is spaying or neutering their dogs. Spaying or neutering your dog could help with behavioral issues and can also reduce the onset of certain health conditions. At the same time, spaying or neutering a puppy too early may also lead to health issues. For many people, this is a worthwhile and even enjoyable trade-off. A happy, sociable dog is always the result of consistent training. Training your dog is a significant aspect of their early years. The different stages include: Get it — Using positive reinforcement, trainers will help your dog carry out actions without commands. Teach it — This stage harnesses the progress you made in the previous stages. Your dog now knows the word and the action that goes with it. Proof it — Proofing is where many people get stuck. Your dog will learn to listen and obey commands at this stage even when they are engaged in other things. Maintain it — Consistently using the techniques you learned to keep your dog following the same desirable behavior. All breeds of dogs respond best when you train them. Every labrador retriever relies on their human taking control and showing them how to respond in any situation. You can be sure that if you follow these tips that you will be taking proper care of your new puppy and will be able to make sure that your puppy will live a long and healthy life. Share on.

Lifespan Sociability The Maltipoo is a mix between the gentle and playful Maltese and the active and smart Poodle. They can have any mix of these traits. They may be brilliant or have more average intelligence. Their exercise needs can vary a bit as well, depending on how active they are. Most of the time, these dogs are decently smart and typically train pretty quickly. Of course, this can vary quite a bit. Some may be smarter than others. Usually, Maltipoos are friendly. Early socialization and training ensure that they are accepting of strangers and other pets as well. These are not typically aggressive in the least. Maltipoos are described as 1st generation or 2nd generation. These are one of the few mixed breeds that are sometimes bred past the 1st generation. Colors vary greatly. Maltipoos can look very different from each other. They come in a variety of different colors. You can find a puppy in just about any color. Size depends on the size of the Poodle used. The Poodle used in breeding has a large role in the size of the puppy. Usually, toy Poodles are used, and this is the size we have used when writing this article. However, rarely, standard Poodles are used, and this results in an enormous puppy. They are affectionate and usually gentle. Puppies can be playful and quite active. However, they tend to calm down as they age. Some may stay relatively active into adulthood, like their Poodle parent. They are well-suited to families with children who like to play as well as snuggle. These dogs are a bit loud and vocal. They can make good alert dogs on some occasions, depending on their specific character and training. Maltipoos tend to bark at anyone who passes by. Related Read: Maltese vs. Are These Dogs Good for Families? They are playful and cuddly, so they fit in with many different people. They are usually very friendly with strangers and friends alike. Sometimes, these dogs are not particularly good with children, though. They are smaller and can be more easily injured by toddlers and preschoolers. This can cause them to snap and be more fearful of children. This dog is not incredibly territorial, nor does it have a significant prey drive. Of course, dogs that are properly socialized and raised around cats and other pets usually see them as part of the family. Puppy classes and socialization are essential for raising a well-meaning dog. They can eat any other high-quality food that any other dog eats. Of course, we recommend a high-quality dog food that contains quite a bit of meat and protein. These dogs are not particularly prone to food allergies, but they can happen. Some dogs are quite active and need a lot of playtime. Others prefer to lounge around. It is usually better to be on the side of too much exercise than too little. Plan on taking your dog on at least one walk a day. Playtime in a backyard may be necessary as well. They are typically smart and eager to please. They are not particularly stubborn or anything of that sort, so they usually take to training well. Because of their intelligence level, they need a bit of mental exercise every day, or they may become destructive. Training is an easy way to do this, so many dogs enjoy it immensely. They do not shed much, but their coats are high-maintenance otherwise. Their wooly coat requires daily brushing from a young age. Luckily, most dogs get used to regular brushing. They typically need a bath at least once a month on top of whenever they get visibly dirty. They will likely need a bath after running through leaves, for instance. Or, at least, a good brushing. Clippings every few months are required, though their faces and paws may need trimming more often. We recommend scheduling them a monthly grooming appointment unless you are willing to learn how to groom them properly at home. Their nails should be trimmed every month at the very least. They need their teeth brushed quite a bit as well. Daily is best. These dogs are particularly prone to dental problems, so brushing is essential. They are not prone to many different health conditions. Minor Conditions. Their coat is somewhat hypoallergenic, although not completely hypoallergenic. This is because they trap more dander than other breeds. If you are an allergy sufferer, make sure you spend a lot of time with your Maltipoo before you bring them home to ensure you are not allergic to them. We will go into more detail about grooming your Maltipoo further on. Color While the breed standard color of a Poodle is white, a Maltese can come in many different colors. This means that your Maltipoo can also come in many different colors and, as they are a designer breed, most likely will be unique in their colorway and design! You Maltese Poodle Mix could be black, blue, grey, brown, cream, silver or white, although the most common colors are a light beige or white. Temperament The Maltese Poodle is a true companion dog who loves to be around people and thrives on human attention. They are very loyal to their owners and will care for you as much as you care for them. That being said, they love all people they meet and will want to be friends with everyone! Fortunately, separation anxiety can be helped with socialization from a young age. The Maltipoo is also a playful dog. Although they do not have a high activity level, they are very intelligent and require mental stimulation. They will love to play with you and have known to be mischievous from time to time! Lifespan The typical life expectancy of a Maltipoo is around 12 to 16 years. Known Health Issues Unfortunately, as with any dog, the Maltese Poodle mix can develop some health issues. They inherit these health problems from their parent breeds and can, therefore, be more susceptible to issues the Maltese and Poodle are. The most common health problems with the Maltipoo are set out below: White Shaker Syndrome — this is a syndrome that is common in small dogs and causes the whole body to shake. It is caused by an inflammation in the brain which is idiopathic. Some owners mistake this for their dog just being cold but if you suspect they are suffering from white shaker syndrome, you should take them to the vets. Patellar Luxation — this is a common condition in smaller dogs and is caused when the patella is not properly aligned. This can cause lameness in the leg or an abnormal gait, sort of like a skip or a hop. Epilepsy — this seizure disorder can be treated with medication. Progressive Retinal Atrophy — this is an eye disorder that eventually causes blindness from the loss of photoreceptors at the back of the eye. Buying from a reputable breeder will help to reduce health issues in your Maltipoo. You should also watch out for any signs of the issues about and take your pup for regular health checkups. Daily Life Now we have learnt all about the characteristics of a Maltese Poodle Mix, it is time to take a look at what everyday life with one of these pups is really like. Below we cover their food and diet, their exercise needs and their grooming needs. The general rule is 40 calories per pound of body weight per day, which can average out to around calories or one cup of food a day. However, you should always check the bag of the food packet to see the exact amount of that particular food you should be feeding your pup based on their size. It is recommended that you do not feed your Maltese Poodle in one go and instead break up their food into three to four meals a day. The food you give them should be high-quality dry kibble that is formulated for smaller breeds of dog, so you are sure they are getting the correct amount of energy, protein and fat. Your dog will function at his best with enough protein. Without adding any grains, their recipes are created with the assistance of doctors to provide your dog the ideal ratio of protein and fat. Each batch is checked to ensure it meets our high standards, and high quality ingredients are mixed in the USA for quality control. These pups should be getting between 30 to 40 minutes of exercise everyday. This can be split over games, walks and runs to keep them engaged and entertained. Your Maltipoo will also benefit from mental stimulation. Because they love to spend time with you, playing games with you indoors will be their favorite pastime. Family Compatibility The Maltipoo is a pup that adapts to any situation and makes the perfect family pet. A loyal companion, they are also excellent with couples, seniors and individuals. Because they are a little dog, they are also great for apartment and town living and their exercise needs are small they do not require a large yard to run around in. These dogs get on very well with other animals and will do well in a home with other pets. They are easy to train and socialize too, which means they are a good dog to have if you do not have experience with pups. The Maltipoo does well with children, but because of their size they are very vulnerable and delicate. You will need to teach your young children to be careful with this hybrid dog otherwise they could hurt them! The Maltese Poodle Mix is a lap dog that requires a lot of attention and you must ensure you have the time to spend with your Maltipoo before you buy them! They do not do well when they are left alone and like to be around people. When they are left alone for too long they can begin to exhibit destructive behaviors, so you must make sure you have time to curl up with them on the couch or, even better, take them with you wherever you go! Training and Socializing Both the Maltese and the Poodle are intelligent dogs who love to learn. Therefore, the Maltipoo is a dog that is easy to train. You must be patient and consistent with them, but they will pick up basic commands very easily. You should always use positive reinforcement with your Maltese Poodle hybrid. This includes verbal praise and treats. Never use punishment with them. Because they are so devoted to their owners, they will not understand and be hurt and confused, which can lead to destructive behaviors. You should do it from a young age and introduce them to lots of different sounds, sights, places, smells and people. Luckily, this breed of dog love both humans and other pets. Grooming The Maltese Poodle Mix is a generally easy dog to take care of, although they do need to be groomed often. This is because of their beautiful coat! Whether they have the curly coat of a Poodle or the longer coat of a Maltese, you will need to brush their fur almost every day. This is especially important if they have the curlier hair of a Poodle because matting can occur and this can become uncomfortable for your pooch. Their coat will need to be professionally groomed every 6 weeks or so to keep them looking their best. Their ears will also need to be checked and their nails should be clipped by the groomers. Dental hygiene is also important for your doggie to prevent gum disease and dental decay. Try to brush their teeth as often as you can to keep any health problems at bay. Regular grooming from a young age will reinforce the bond you have with your Maltipoo. Maltipoo Breed Traits. The Maltese poodle originated in the United States around , with the breeders intending to create a more low-maintenance lap dog for companionship. The intelligence, affectionate nature, and easy trainability of the Maltese are combined with the low shedding and more hypoallergenic nature of the poodle to create this designer dog. Maltese poodles are small and bred to be fun playful lap dogs. While Maltese poodles are not recognized by the American Kennel Club or other purebred dog kennel clubs, there are several organizations hoping to help Maltese poodles obtain recognition with the American Kennel Club by adhering to certain breeding and appearance requirements. However, this is still a work in progress as reputable breeding organizations work toward creating a crossbreed with desirable traits and a consistent appearance. They are affectionate, fitting well into families, and they are a perfect apartment-sized dog, which makes them a perfect addition to the home for people in more urban areas. Plus, Maltese poodles come in a range of colors and coat patterns due to their crossbreed heritage, making each dog as unique as their loveable nature. Since Maltese poodles are a cross between the Maltese and toy poodle dog breeds, they have a similar small stature. They stand between 8 and 14 inches tall and weigh between 5 and 20 pounds, depending on lineage. Most Maltese poodles will have medium to long hair that is very soft, fluffy, and may contain a wavy pattern. Maltese poodles are available in a number of different patterns such as bicolor, tricolor, tuxedo, sable, and merle, and the colorations of Maltese poodles range from black, brown, and grey to red, blue, cream, white, gold, and fawn. What Size Is a Maltese Poodle? They grow between 8 and 14 inches tall, though occasionally, you will find one as small as 5 inches tall and weigh between 5 and 20 pounds. This breed has a single-layer coat that will continually grow, hence the increased grooming needs of this pup, but is less likely to shed as much as a double-layer coat would. The Maltese poodle is known for being a sociable, friendly, affectionate, and loyal pup. For the most part, Maltese poodles are gentle and love to receive attention from their family as much as they love to give attention. Maltese poodles are quite alert, a trait that comes from the toy poodle in their genetics. However, they are not prone to aggression or a high prey drive. Your Maltese poodle may bark more when they are bored or anxious, but these behavioral issues can be fixed with proper care and training. Are Maltese Poodles Affectionate? Maltese poodles are highly affectionate pups. They love to sit with their humans and spend time lounging around in addition to spending time playing outside, taking walks, or visiting dog parks and dog-friendly areas. Maltese poodles have a need to receive lots of affection from their families, and they will certainly give just as much affection back. You should remember that because the Maltese poodle is such a people-loving and affectionate pup, they can be prone to separation anxiety and may not handle long periods of separation from their families well. Maltese poodles are good with kids, thanks to their relatively gentle and calm nature. They can be playful and affectionate and easily get along with children who want to play or spend time properly petting them. It is important to note that children who play rough with your Maltese poodle may hurt the dog due to their small and more fragile size, so older children and children who know how to treat animals properly are likely a better match for this pup. Maltese poodles are generally good with all other animals that they may meet or live with. They are outgoing and sociable and unlikely to become aggressive, though they may bark at first if they see the other animal as suspicious. Larger dogs may not be the best choice for a companion for Maltese poodles, as this dog breed can be easily injured by rough play or accident. Are Maltese Poodles Aggressive? They may bark at things that frighten them or find suspicious, but they are unlikely to bite, growl, or nip unless they are being directly threatened or accosted. Do Maltese Poodles Bark a Lot? Maltese poodles can be quite the barker in certain situations. This breed tends to bark at things they find frightening or suspicious, but they will stop after they see what the item is clearly or the unfamiliar person is proven to be friendly. Maltese poodles can develop anxiety and behavioral issues when left alone for long periods of time, which can result in excessive barking; proper training and care can reduce the amount of barking and make this pup happier. Are Maltese Poodles Intelligent? Maltese poodles are reasonably intelligent dogs due to the genetics of the toy poodle. Toy poodles are known for their above-average intelligence and the ease at which they pick up basic obedience training or more advanced skills. Are Maltese Poodles Easy to Train? Maltese poodles are fairly easy to train thanks to their average to above-average intelligence. They pick up basic obedience commands quickly and may even be suited for more advanced skills and commands. They also love to show off to their owners and spend time with their families, which makes training them a good time for all. Are Maltese Poodles Energetic? Maltese poodles are quite an energetic dog, but their exercise needs are moderate. They love a quick minute playtime with their toys inside or outside the home, and they require a 15 to minute walk at least twice daily to stay happy and healthy. You should also take your Maltese poodle to dog parks regularly in order to get them to socialize with other dogs in a safe, contained manner. Maltese poodles are one of the best breeds for apartment living. They may bark from time to time when hearing noises from other apartments or seeing things outside, but with proper training and care, your Maltese poodle should not cause too much noise or disruption in an apartment. Are Maltese Poodles Good Watchdogs? Maltese poodles are pretty good watchdogs; they are alert, bark at anything suspicious they see, and are fiercely loyal to their family. You can expect your Maltese poodle to bark at unfamiliar strangers or things they perceive as threats which can be helpful when you want a small dog that can alert you to potential trouble around your home. Maltese poodles may be good service dogs in certain situations. This dog is quite small, so they are not suited for mobility or guiding-related service tasks, but due to their trainable nature and constant want to help out their families, they can make good medical alert or emotional support dogs. The Maltese poodle is pretty emotionally perceptive, something that helps them relieve conditions such as anxiety and depression, and they can pick up medical alert commands easily, in addition to learning more advanced skills such as fetching medications, phones, and water. How to Care for a Maltese Poodle Caring for your Maltese poodle requires spending time with your pup exercising them, loving on them, and providing them with the nutrition they need. You should take your dog out on walks at least twice a day and spend time playing with them and their toys whenever possible. Regular visits to dog parks and walking in public can help socialize your dog, and you should always remember to stay up to date with veterinary care. Your Maltese poodle will likely need regular bathing and grooming services to keep their hair clean and free of mats. You will also need to feed your Maltese poodle two meals a day, supplemented by treats and other highly nutritional additions. You should remember not to leave your Maltese poodle home alone for long periods, as this can cause behavioral issues and upset your dog. Maltese poodles do need to be groomed. Their hair grows constantly, and since it is on the longer side, it can become matted and dirty easily. Brush your Maltese poodle several times a week, bathe them approximately once every month or so, and take them to a groomer on a regular basis to get their hair brushed out and trimmed so that it stays clear of their eyes and out of the way. Do Maltese Poodles Shed? Maltese poodles shed a small amount, but they are considered a low-shedding and more hypoallergenic dog breed. This lack of shedding is attributed to their single-layer coat that continually grows instead of shedding small hairs all over the place like a double-layered coat often does. What Should a Maltese Poodle Eat? Your Maltese poodle should eat high-quality dog food divided into two to three meals daily. Like many crossbreeds, the Maltese poodle may present health issues inherited from its parents and health issues resulting from being bred into a small-sized dog. Maltese poodles are prone to health problems such as mitral valve disease, epilepsy, progressive retinal atrophy, luxating patella, bloat, and allergies. Proper care of your Maltese poodle and regular veterinary visits can help ensure your pup stays in top shape and may help you to catch a developing health problem before it turns into something more serious or life-threatening. Maltese poodles have a life span that ranges between 10 and 13 years. In order to give your pup the longest, happiest life possible, you should be taking proper care of your dog, ensuring that regular vet visits are maintained, and keeping an eye on your Maltese poodle for potential emerging health issues. Are Maltese Poodles Expensive? Maltese poodles are considered a designer breed and can be more expensive to purchase as a result. How to Find a Maltese Poodle Breeder? To find a Maltese poodle breeder, you can perform internet searches for both local and national reputable breeders. Most of the time, you will be put on a waiting list for a puppy, and the breeder will keep you updated on when your puppy can come home. Keep in mind that you should attempt to gather as much information about the breeder, their licenses, and the conditions in which the dogs are being bred to ensure that you purchase from a breeder that properly cares for their animals. Can You Adopt a Maltese Poodle? While you can adopt a Maltese poodle from a shelter, this breed may not often turn up at local and national organizations. This is because Maltese poodles are considered designer dogs and are typically purchased directly from breeders; owners who spend money on a dog like this are unlikely to rehome them. That being said, there may be several rescue organizations dedicated to rehoming this breed when they have been given up due to unfortunate circumstances; keep an eye out on the websites of local and national organizations to see if any have Maltese poodles available for adoption. Are Maltese Poodles Purebred? Maltese poodles are not purebred dogs. They are a crossbreed, created from a mix of the Maltese dog breed and the toy poodle dog breed. Can You Show Maltese Poodles? You cannot show Maltese poodles as they are not official purebred dogs and are not recognized by the American Kennel Club. They may be recognized by specific mixed and designer breed kennel clubs; you will need to search for these organizations and see if show opportunities are available. Maltese poodles are usually a pretty good choice for new dog owners. This breed is gentle, friendly, and affectionate and is relatively low-maintenance when it comes to exercise. They love spending time with their families and are quite playful, in addition to fitting well into apartment-style living. The only things new dog owners may be overwhelmed by are the higher grooming needs of this pup and the fact that they are companion dogs, meaning they cannot be left alone for long periods. Deciding whether or not the Maltese poodle is the right dog for you can be a difficult choice. Below, we make a list of points about when this dog may or may not fit into your lifestyle; review these items carefully to determine whether or not the Maltese poodle is the best dog breed for you. The Maltese poodle might be the right dog for you if: You want a friendly, loving, and sociable dog that loves to spend time with you and give affection as much as they receive it. You want a dog that is easily trained for basic tasks and has a playful, more energetic outlook on life. You want a dog that fits in well to apartment-style living. The Maltese poodle is not the dog for you if: You plan on leaving your dog home alone for long periods of time; Maltese poodles need social interaction and plenty of time spent with their families to stay happy and healthy. You want a dog that will mix well with any larger breed dogs in your home; Maltese poodles are generally too small to play well with larger dog breeds, though it is possible. You want a dog that can spend plenty of time outdoors with you hiking, hunting, or generally being active; Maltese poodles are playful and energetic, but they are too small for labor-intensive outdoor activities. Once you review these items and our complete dog breed guide, the decision of whether or not to add a Maltese poodle to your family should be clear. And, no matter which dog you decide to adopt, as long as you take proper care of it and provide it with ample love, you and your pup are sure to live happily together for as long as possible. March 15, Table of Contents Maltipoos — Adorable designer pups Maltipoos are dogs that result from crossing a Miniature or Toy Poodle with a Maltese. The Maltipoo has yet to be recognized as a breed by the American Kennel Club and other organizations across the world. Most dogs have a fluffy and wool-like coat, though, which is one of the features they are most appreciated for. How big does a Maltipoo get? This is a relatively small breed. Adults get to a height that ranges from 10 to 12 inches, depending on their gender and genetic inheritance. Most have a weight between 10 and 20 pounds, also depending on their gender, whether they were spayed or neutered, and if their parents were smaller or larger. If you are looking for an especially small Maltipoo, you should pick a female and also ask your breeder for a cross of two smaller parents. If you are looking for a larger dog however, make sure to pick a male puppies from parents that are on the larger side. Genetics are strong when it comes to size! Temperament The best thing about a Maltipoo is that it usually inherits the personality of its parents. However, like any other breed, whether mixed or not, this one needs to be socialized as early as possible. Another Maltipoo personality trait that dog owners love is that they can be quite affectionate. They do tend to suffer from separation anxiety when left alone for many hours during the day, so if you tend to be away from home for more than 10 hours on a daily basis, this might not be the right dog for you. Are Maltipoos easy to potty train? Most Maltipoos are very easy to train, especially if some of the training was done by the breeder. Praise and repetitive routines offer the best results when it comes to potty training a Maltipoo. For more information on house training your Maltipoo, talk to an experienced trainer. Is a Maltipoo a good dog? Most dog parents seem to agree that Maltipoos make not good, but great dogs. On top of everything, a Maltipoo maintains their puppy temperament even in their senior years, which can be very refreshing. Are Maltipoos barkers? Some Maltipoos can cause problems if they are adopted from inexperienced or irresponsible breeders. All puppies have to be trained to some extent in order to maintain good behavior, especially in relation to other animals and people. As we previously mentioned, they do not do well when they spend a lot of time alone. Unfortunately, that can be a problem for most pet owners unless they live in a house and have a yard where the dog can have some fun while they are away. On the other hand, they cannot be considered a hypoallergenic dog breed. They do shed several times a year, and their coat should be groomed every months depending on whether it is curly or not. Some Maltipoos have fluffy or curly hair around their eyes, so the latter can sometimes get irritated. If you ever try to cut some of the fur around the eyes, make sure to cover them with your hand first. Others prefer a lamb cut or a fancier style such as the Miami cut. Do Maltipoos have health problems? Unfortunately, the answer to this question is yes. Yes, Red Maltipoos are rare. A Maltipoo may have a red coat when born but it may fade to Apricot as an adult. Are Black Maltipoos Rare? Yes, Black Maltipoos are extremely rare. Black can be said to be the rarest Maltipoo coat color, especially pure black coats. Additionally, Maltipoo puppies born with a black coat are unlikely to stay that color as an adult. Often their coats fade to a grey or silver shade. Are Chocolate Maltipoos Rare? Yes, Chocolate Maltipoos are extremely rare. Chocolate coloring is only seen in parti-colored Maltipoo hence, you will never find a solid brown coated Maltipoo. These respective coat colors of the parent dogs are rare to start with. Maltipoos have hair as they are single coated. Both the Poodle and the Maltese breeds are also single coated with hair instead of fur, so it is understandable that the cross breed also has hair. The general rule is that a double coated dog has fur while a single coated dog has hair. Are Maltipoos Soft? Yes, Maltipoos are very soft. Their coat has a soft, wool-like texture and is medium to long in length. The softness of the coat of a Maltipoo is one of the reasons they are such a popular dog breed. No, not all Maltipoos have curly hair. It is possible to have straight hair Maltipoos as the Maltese has straight hair. Nevertheless, this is an uncommon trait as Poodles have curly hair. The hair curl gene is dominant so a Maltipoo only needs to have a single copy of the curl variant to express the phenotype. If a Maltipoo has straight hair is is very likely to be slightly wavy. Yes, Maltipoos are born with straight hair that will become slightly wavy as they grow up. Their hair is straight with a slight wave due to their Maltese parentage as purebred Malteses have long, straight hair. They get the slight wavy from the Poodle parent that has curly hair. Single or Double Coat? Are Maltipoos Single Coated? Yes, Maltipoos are single coated. Both the Maltese and the Poodle have single coats so it is understandable that the Maltipoo inherits this trait. A single coat means that the hair all over the Maltipoo is basically the same length and that they shed small amounts all year long. They do not have an undercoat. Are Maltipoos Double Coated? No, Maltipoos are not double coated. Their coat does not have a high density and does not consist of many layers. Being double coated is a common misconception as Maltipoos have such a fluffy coat. Do Maltipoos Have An Undercoat? No, Maltipoos do not have an undercoat as they are single coated. This means that all of their hairs are roughly the same length rather than having short undercoat hairs with longer guard hairs.

I grew up with boxers as my grandmother was an avid lover of the breed and had a lucrative breeding and showing program. While she is no longer with us, I continue her legacy and continue to use her kennel name MerBar Boxers. Each one of my puppies is raised in my home with my children and other pets. I make sure each puppy is loved and has great social skills. I like to give each baby an abundance of attention! All of my dogs are health tested to ensure you get a puppy that will be with you for years to come. I am happy to explain our health tests, what they mean, and why they are important. I will make myself available for any questions or concerns. If you are considering a breeding program I will mentor you on all the appropriate health testing, as well as making sure I fit you with the right puppy. If I do not have what you're looking for I am happy to refer you to my network of breeder friends to ensure you get the right puppy. I know that sometimes situations arise that are out of your control. Rest assured that you have options and I will work with you to resolve any issues. We dedicate ourselves to insuring that the dogs in our program get the second chance they deserve and never find themselves lost, alone, or abused, again. Adoption Policy An must be completed by every prospective family. Why, you ask? You may fill out an online application or if you e-mail us, we will supply a Word document to fill out. Please be patient with our nosy questions. We understand the application is lengthy however, each question has a reason behind it. A complete application helps us discern the best match for your family! It also demonstrates a level of commitment on your part. Our boxers are not "just dogs" and our adoptive families are not "just people"! An incomplete application form must be sent back to you. This causes delay and disappointment, two words we would rather not have associated with your HBR experience. Let's work together! Continue to check the e-mail address from which your application was submitted. When your application is processed, we will attempt to make contact both by e-mail and phone. Keep in mind we are an all volunteer group. Although we have families and jobs that take precedence in our lives, we work hard to save the breed we love! We are committed to doing our best to facilitate the adoption process and make it as pleasant as possible! When the application is received a volunteer will contact you to schedule a Home Visit. If you have questions, please ask your Home Visit Volunteer, he or she will be delighted to help! Questions about Boxer puppies for sale in Houston TX? We have answers. How much are Boxer puppies for sale in Houston TX? This is because many factors go into the final price of a Houston Boxer for sale and can include factors such as the specific breeder, availability and location and other physical attributes. Do I have to choose from Boxer puppies in Houston? Our national network is made up of breeders and businesses from all over and you can have your choice of any one of these! What are the requirements for Houston Boxer breeders in your network? We want to ensure that irresponsible breeders and businesses are kept out of our network and that we work with only the best and most ethical breeders out there. Learn more from our Breeder Pledge. At Uptown Puppies, we are committed to connecting great people like you with only top-notch breeders and businesses out there, so you can focus on the fun part. We truly care about creating good matches that create a lifetime of happiness and would never sacrifice our standards for profit. Should I worry about Puppy Mills? They often neglect the care of the animals in the interest of keeping profits as high as possible. When you work with Uptown Puppies you will have peace of mind while searching Boxer breeders Houston. Can I get a Houston Boxer puppy for sale immediately? You can immediately start browsing through available puppies and then connect with the breeder or business and make plans to bring your pooch home! What is the history of Boxers? Modern boxers were originally bred in Germany for jobs such as hunting and guarding and gradually spread in popularity all across Europe. The ancestors of the Boxer are one of the most ancient known breeds and can be traced back for centuries. They were introduced in the U. What should I expect from my Boxer? Boxer puppies Houston make great companion animals for a wide variety of individuals and families. They do have boundless energy and will need a decent bit of exercise to keep them well mannered. In addition to all of that playful energy they are also highly intelligent and you can expect them to pick up on training quite easily. Are Boxers good with children? Boxers make great best friends for children of all ages because they have the zest and enthusiasm to play and adventure for hours on end before snuggling up with their humans. In addition to loving to play, they enjoy playing the protector role over the home and the entire family. What size are Boxers? Boxers are considered a mid-to-large breed dog and once they are fully grown they will be around inches in height and weight somewhere around pounds, with the males averaging on the higher end of the range. As long as they get plenty of walks and exercise, they will be happy in most living arrangements.