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Life Span Did You Know? The Pug, or Pug Dog, is famous for its flat-faced appearance and large, soulful eyes. They are an ancient dog breed that originated in China over 2, years ago. They were originally developed as a refined pet of Chinese royalty along with the Pekingese and the Shih Tzu. During this time, the Pug was considered a national treasure that outsiders could only access if one was gifted to them. Dutch traders from the s can be credited with bringing the Pug onto the world stage when they brought some back to Europe with them. The Pug made its way to the United States in the s. Now, the Pug is a popular dog breed worldwide. They are a popular companion that provides their owners with plenty of love and laughter from their comedic and playful antics. The Pug is a playful and outgoing dog breed with a charming personality. They tend to be very loving towards children and also get along well with other pets and dogs. They are a companion breed at heart known for their gentle nature and sociable personality. They love to give love and receive it in return. Their sensitive nature makes them intuitive as well and Pugs will often sense the moods of their owners and react accordingly. They crave attention and affection from their owners and are big fans of napping. This dog breed is often described as an ideal house dog and they are moderately adaptable. They will do well in homes of any size, including apartments. The Pug also adapts well to city or country life and are a good fit for singles or families of any size. Although they are highly adaptable to various living situations, they are less adaptable to climates. Pugs are very sensitive to the heat and overexertion, so they are best-suited to moderate climates. They also love to be with their families and will not be happy if left alone for a long time. As with any dog breed, the Pug has some health conditions to be aware of. In particular, corneal ulcers and dry eye are some potential eye problems that can occur. Additionally, Pugs can be susceptible to hip dysplasia, patellar luxation, and encephalitis. Asking the breeder about the genetic history of the parents and to see health clearances can help allay concerns for some of these health issues. Pugs are also big foodies. They love to eat! Their love for food means this dog breed is prone to obesity. As a brachycephalic dog, their large head and short snout often cause respiratory problems, which can limit their exercise at times and contribute to weight gain. This will cause them to quickly gasp and snort, which can sound relatively alarming. These episodes are usually not harmful as your Pug is just clearing their palate and throat. The Pug tends to be easy to train and is a good fit for owners of any experience level. They are eager to please their owners and tend to pick up on commands quickly. They are sensitive souls and their feelings can be hurt easily, so they will not respond well to harsh corrections. This dog breed responds best to consistent training that focuses on positive rewards and will benefit from participation in puppy training classes. Pugs have a smooth, glossy, and short coat. Their fur is fine and soft. Although their coat is generally low-maintenance, it will shed throughout the year. Aside from brushing, Pugs only need occasional baths on an as-needed basis. Because Pugs have ears that drop down, they can be susceptible to moisture, dirt, or debris. Checking their ears regularly and cleaning as needed helps to keep them healthy and comfortable. The same goes for their iconic face wrinkles. Daily brushing is ideal, but if your Pug is not allowing you to do that, a few times a week should be sufficient. Getting your Pug used to these grooming tasks as a puppy will help make it a positive bonding experience and a much easier process throughout their life. This dog breed has a low to moderate energy level. Generally, daily walks and some play sessions are enough exercise for this dog breed. They may have short bursts of energy as they have a very playful nature, but they will tire easily. Some Pugs can handle a little more activity and even compete in some dogs sports like agility, rally, and obedience. Make sure you check with your vet first before jumping into dog sports with your dog. A full-grown Pug will usually stand 10 to 11 inches tall at the shoulders and weigh between 14 and 18 pounds. This dog breed generally lives for years. The Pug was a popular pet of the Buddhist monasteries in Tibet. Featured Pug Article. Why Is My Dog Shaking? Dogs are known for their loyalty and companionship, but when they start shaking, it can be a cause for concern for pet owners. Shaking in dogs can be a sign of various issues, from dog anxiety and dog fear to dog medical conditions. In this blog post, we will explore the common causes of a dog shaking and what pet owners can do to identify and treat the problem. We will also offer tips for preventing dog shaking and ensuring.By doing regular grooming at home, you can help your dog look its best between visits to the groomer. You also get to bond more closely and build stronger trust with your dog. Routine grooming sessions will keep your dog clean and feeling fresh, but it will also.Their personality is lively, their nature fun-loving, and their disposition affectionate. As even-tempered, sweet, and playful dogs, Pugs make wonderful playmates for kids of all ages and lovely companion pets for couples, singles, and seniors. These little joy bringers love to cuddle and are generous with their Pug love. When it comes to their family, Pugs attach like magnets. They are known to happily shadow their humans in every activity and are just as happy lazing on the couch all day as they are going for a long evening stroll around the neighborhood.

Aggression in Labradors Dealing with Aggression Labradors are not usually an aggressive variety. However, there are several factors which may contribute to aggression in labradors. Personality and genetic disposition are not usually the main influences. The early life experience of pups in the 'first fear imprint period, Aggression against the pup by family members or other household pets is highly influential to the way that a dog will respond throughout its life. The secondary influences include sex, age, size, hormonal variation during pregnancy and anxiety. Anxiety in pups must be placated with secure affection and positive discipline. Socialisation from 8 weeks of age is also critical for the healthy development. Do not use physical punishment. This can increase the intensity of your dog's aggression. For general health reason, particularly in later life, we do not recommend this prior to 8 months of age. Types of Aggression Animal behaviouralists classify patterns of behavior and the circumstances in which they occur. This is done to determine the dog's motivation and the cause of the behaviour: Dog to dog - Pack order aggression is one of the most common forms of aggression in dogs. They are pack animals, and they relate to humans as members of their own pack. If your dogs are fighting, do not get in the middle. Interrupt the aggression using water in a spray bottle. Dog to human aggression occurs as the result of intimidation or physical intervention by people, your and old, adult and child. Redirected aggression can occur when an aggressive dog, particularly a male that redirects its aggression from the source to another. When an owner is restraining a dog by pulling him back the dog may retaliate. Dominant dogs often redirect their aggression towards pack subordinates or children of equal size or smaller. Dominant dogs will defend their pack area including a home, room or yard. House and feed your dogs separately if they are fighting with each other. Remove contentious objects like bones and toys. Gender aggression particularly between adult males involves territorial and dominance disputes. Inter-female aggression occurs most frequently between adult females living in the same household. This will be apparent if one female is pregnant. Predatorial aggression is directed towards quick-moving stimulus, like a car or bike. Anything considers as prey, usually other weaker species can be the object of this aggression. Pain induced aggression occurs when a person attempts to touch a painful area or when injections are given. Fear induced aggression occurs when when the dog senses that it is cornered or trapped and cannot escape. A fearful dog is often the victim of an owner uses severe punishment common. Active and unpredictable children may induce this type of aggression. Never allow small children to have unsupervised access to any dog no matter how passive the dog may appear. Children and adults should avoid interacting with dogs that are eating. They should never tease or hurt dogs. Keep your dog confined when unfamiliar children are present Maternal aggression may be directed toward anyone that approaches a bitch with puppies or in false pregnancy. Pawling Chocolate and Black Labradors. They love everyone. Sound familiar? The Reactive Labrador The reality is that there are individual Labradors who are reactive and use aggressive behavior at times. The reasons or motivations for their behavior will vary. But one thing is true of all of them: aggressive behavior is totally normal. All dogs can use aggression to a greater or lesser extent depending on their individual temperament and experiences. Just like every person can lose their temper or slam the occasional door in frustration. When working with a reactive and aggressive Labrador the aim is not to suppress the behavior. How we do that varies depending on the likely emotion underlying the reactive behavior. Warning Signs of Reactivity in Labradors Generally canine social etiquette is ritualised and aimed at diffusing tension and avoiding conflict; aggressive behavior carries a risk of injury and is therefore a last resort. Dogs will show early warning signs that they are feeling uncomfortable in a situation. These include turning or moving away, yawning, nose licking, and their pupils will dilate. If they are prevented from moving away, then they are likely to increase the intensity of their signals. Moving on to snapping and biting to get their point across. If the dog learns that the smaller signals are ignored, or if the intensity of the trigger is too high, then they will respond with the more overt behavior. They will start barking, rushing towards in an attempt to drive the trigger away, snapping and biting. The aggressive behavior in the image below is cued by the handler. These are a couple of the indications that this is a learned response. If the dog may be in pain then providing suitable pain relief is essential. Reactivity From Frustration Another common motivation for aggression, but one that is often mistaken or forgotten, is frustration. A frustrated dog is likely to show fewer of the lower level signals of discomfort. Although lip or nose licks are common in times of conflicted emotions such as wanting to greet but not being able do because of the lead, or a fence. If your Labrador is bouncing on the end of the lead, weight forward, ears pricked, tail up, and barking with a high pitch then they are likely to be a frustrated greeter. One who may behave more appropriately off lead when they can greet as they like. Many frustrated greeters, however, are socially inappropriate. Rushing at other dogs and ignoring any signs from them that they are less than enthusiastic about the approach of 30kg of happy Labrador. They may well end up being snapped at, or worse, by the dogs they bounce on. It is not uncommon for dogs whose reactivity manifests first as frustration to develop elements of fear-based aggression after being told off by other dogs for their social ineptitude, leading to considerable conflict of emotions around other dogs. Dogs who become extremely frustrated around other dogs, or when denied things that they want, may well redirect their frustration on to the nearest object they can find. The lead, the person or dog standing next to them, or a toy if one is available. Providing a suitable outlet such as a tug toy is one way to manage the situation in an emergency. Does Predation Create an Aggressive Labrador? It is worth mentioning that predation is also a common motivation for aggressive behavior. Labradors are not traditionally associated with catching and killing prey. But actually it is not unusual to meet dogs who are aroused by fast moving objects. Such as bicycles, running people and the more obvious small furry animals and birds in our fields and hedgerows. Again, if the desire to chase is thwarted then any resulting aggressive behavior may well be frustration-related. This is despite predation being the initial motivation for the behavior. Is Reactivity in Dogs Medical? There are several techniques that can be used to modify aggressive Labrador responses. Before considering any of them it is essential to rule out any underlying medical issue. Pain or illness which may be contributing to the aggressive behavior. Pain is the most obvious cause. So if your dog appears stiff, reluctant to move or uncomfortable at times then discuss this with your vet. It can help to take video of the movement, gait, or situations that concern you. This will mean that your vet can see exactly what is happening, in a way they cannot recreate in clinic. Even if a clinical exam does not identify a source of potential pain it can be beneficial to trial a short course of pain relief. Make sure you note any changes in behavior or movement. Pain which occurs when playing with other dogs can often be at the root of the onset of dog:dog aggression; equally aggression towards people can be triggered by pain or the fear of pain on being stroked, or moved from a resting spot. As well as pain there are medical issues which in themselves increase the likelihood of aggressive behavior so a thorough vet check is essential. Especially in cases where you seem to have an aggressive Labrador without warning. The behavior has developed suddenly. This helps them relax and improves their general welfare. They are no longer on edge anticipating something which scares or arouses them. And also stops them practising the behavior that we want to change. Every time your Labrador reacts aggressively they are strengthening the neural pathway. This makes that behavior more likely and harder to change; it becomes their default and may well be used in situations away from the initial trigger in the future. Aggressive behavior which has generalised in this way is much harder to change. If your Labrador is reactive towards other dogs on walks, whatever the underlying emotion behind the reaction, then try to find alternative places with fewer dogs and keep your distance by turning around calmly before your dog can react. Or look for a local space such as a riding school or dog training centre you may be able to hire for safe and secure walks. Reacting To Reactivity It is important to note that if your dog does react aggressively, whatever the situation, scolding them or correcting them will not help them learn what you do want them to do instead. In fact it may well make things worse, as they then become concerned about your reaction as well as the thing that triggered their behavior in the first place. Instead, calmly move them further away from the situation until they are at a distance where they can be calm themselves. If possible let the dog look at the scary, or frustrating, thing and reward them with tasty treats for being calm. This also helps them start to change their emotional response; so that the dog that scared them is now associated with tasty treats instead. We will next take a look at ways of changing emotions and behavior in the medium to longer term. Aggressive behavior is a normal part of social interaction. In some cases the genetic tendency of a dog to be fearful, anxious or easily frustrated, or the length of time they have been practising their aggressive behavior, will limit the progress you can make with them. You will need patience, and a willingness to accept that their needs are different from those you might have expected when you brought them home. Your Aggressive Labrador There is an increasing understanding of the needs of sensitive dogs, and many more trainers and dog places offer activities that are perfectly suited to dogs who do not wish to run and play with other dogs, or who would rather have a bit more space around people. Scentwork and tracking are ideal, as are activity classes which offer lots of different options, from trick training to fun rally. This should involve acknowledging and working to change their underlying emotional response, not simply suppressing the aggression using punishment. There should also be a focus on enabling them to manage themselves in arousing situations, so that, in time, they can make the right choice without needing direction for you. Many dogs will also need help to learn the correct social skills around other dogs. Your Labrador is an individual, with individual experiences and genetics that make them unique; their behavior modification plan should be as individual as they are. Even if you are able to manage the day to day behavior modification training alone, the benefits of working alongside someone who can provide objective feedback, advice on the next steps and support are invaluable. High value food is usually the obvious choice. This can quickly change his emotions from wanting the other dog to go away to wanting them to be around so that he gets the really yummy treat. This is usually done in conjunction with DRI so that he can start to learn how to behave appropriately and be reinforced for polite behavior around other dogs. At all times your Labrador should be working at a distance where they are not reactive, and gradually moving closer to their trigger when they are ready to do so. Any signs of low-level fear or anxiety should be respected and the distance between the dogs increased until the fearful dog is comfortable. To continue working with a dog above threshold is stressful for your dog, counter-productive and risks an aggressive response. Options for Helping your Reactive Dog One of the main criticisms of BAT is that it relies on your Labrador feeling empowered, or relieved, by the other dog moving away in response to calm behavior from your dog. In learning theory terms this is negative reinforcement i. This suggests that he was uncomfortable beforehand, even if only marginally. CAT and flooding are far more extreme in their use of relief as a reinforcer and should be avoided. Examples of this include sitting automatically before their lead goes on, or waiting calmly without being told when you open the boot of the car. This is particularly useful with frustration-related aggression where learning to stay calm when denied access to things he wants is the key skill your Labrador will need to learn before you can work on his manners around other dogs. As with any kind of training or behavior modification, finding a trainer whose skills and knowledge are suitable for your reactive Labrador is key. You must have confidence that they have a range of appropriate tools available to them, that they are able to accurately assess and respond to your dog and that you would like to work with them. This article has only scratched the surface of the options and techniques that are available to help you and your reactive Labrador, but good help is out there. Sian Ryan is an expert Animal Behaviorist based in Cambridgeshire. With several years of training experience and after completing her MSc, Sian worked as a behavior counsellor and trainer in the University of Lincoln Animal Behavior Clinic, where she was able to apply her MSc research in to Self Control in Pet Dogs to her behavior and training work. Sian owns and runs the Developing Dogs Training and Behavior Centre in Cambridgeshire, as well as giving seminars and workshops nationally and internationally. Her first book, No Walks? No Worries!

Share 0 Shares The Golden Retriever is a dog breed that is known to be friendly, active, and outgoing. In fact, their sweet and loyal demeanor makes the Golden one of the most popular dog breeds in the United States according to the American Kennel Club. However, with popularity unfortunately comes to a lot of breeders that are not breeding the Golden Retriever reputably. As a result, it is very important that prospective Golden Retriever owners make sure that a breeder is reputable before getting a dog from them. A reputable Golden Retriever breeder will do health testing to ensure the health of their lines, and they will also care a lot about the health and well-being of their dogs. Engler Goldens Engler Golden Retrievers in Ohio This small Golden Retriever breeder focuses on breeding dogs that are healthy, trainable, and have great temperaments. In order to create and uphold healthy bloodlines this breeder health tests all of her dogs before breeding them. In addition to this, all puppies are sold with a one-year health guarantee that covers genetic conditions. Of course, all puppies are also kept up to date on all of their vet-recommended and age-appropriate vaccinations, vet visits, and deworming. Puppies are microchipped before going to their forever homes as well. To ensure that all of her puppies are trainable and have good temperaments, they receive an extensive amount of socialization from an early age. Puppies are also introduced to basic potty training, crate training, and are introduced to good puppy manners before going to their new homes. Name of Owner. References 1. Clinical and pathological effects Canine atopic dermatitis is a genetically-predisposed inflammatory and pruritic itchy allergic skin disease with characteristic clinical features. Allergic diseases result from an exaggerated immune system response that causes pathological damage. The immune system consists of various cells and chemicals which work together to defend the body from invading pathogens e. Some of the immune cells which help defend the body produce proteins called antibodies when stimulated to do so. Antibodies help the immune cells get rid of the pathogens invading the body. Anything that stimulates the immune system is called an antigen. Antigens are normally parts of the invading pathogen, but sometimes otherwise harmless substances stimulate an immune response in individuals who are prone to allergies and exaggerated immune responses. Any substance that can stimulate an allergic immune response is called an allergen. Atopy is associated with the immune system over-producing a type of antibodies called IgE. Most commonly this is directed against environmental allergens such as house dust mites and pollens Olivry and DeBoer , Loewenstein and Mueller .The clinical features of atopy are variable but the permanent cardinal feature, always present, is itchiness, which varies in degree from mild to severe. A dog may be itchy over its whole skin but more usually the itchiness is localised. The commonest areas to be affected are the ears, around the eyes, the muzzle, the underside of the neck and abdomen, the inside of the legs, the feet and under the tail Nuttall et al .In the early stages of the disease there may just be itchiness, however, redness of the skin will soon be seen. This may be general redness or red spots papules. Further problems arise either from long-term itchiness and the self harm that is caused from scratching, rubbing and chewing of the itchy area or from the presence of skin infections with bacteria both abnormally high numbers of normal skin bacteria and infections from bacteria not usually present and with skin yeasts normally present in low numbers. Atopy itself and the secondary skin changes that occur both make these infections more likely. Infected skin tends to itch and the consequential scratching, rubbing and chewing causes further, secondary skin damage and a vicious circle of itching and scratching and worsening skin damage develops. For many atopic dogs this means constant itchiness as it is often impossible to avoid constant exposure to its problematic allergen - house dust mite. Secondary skin changes often seen in atopic dogs include: lichenification thickening of the skin , a coat that is greasy and scaly dandruff and loss of fur alopecia. Pustules and crusts are seen when there is bacterial infection and, when this is deeper in the skin, nodules with pus draining from sinuses may be seen. Otitis externa inflammation of the ear canal is often seen inatopic dogs and sometimes is the main clinical problem. This follows the same pattern as atopic disease elsewhere — the ear canal is lined with skin. Initially there may just be redness but constant irritation, excess secretions and thickening of the skin with secondary bacterial and yeast infections lead to a vicious cycle until the ear canal becomes irreversibly damaged. The clinical signs include scratching at the ears, head shaking, rubbing the ears on the ground, a smelly discharge from the ears. Severe infections can lead to septicaemia bacterial infection in the bloodstream. There are currently two main theories for the pathogenesis of atopy and there is good evidence that both are important. Atopic individuals have an abnormal immune response. Allergens are detected in the skin by the immune system. In atopic individuals there is an imbalance of two types of immune cell i. This imbalance leads to other changes in the immune system, which make it respond excessively to small amounts of allergen in the future, easily generating skin inflammation. Excessive amounts of an antibody type IgE are present in the body. Excessive skin sensitivity also leads to the skin becoming inflamed much more easily by such things as infection, trauma, drying or heat Prelaud and Power .A second fundamental abnormality seen in atopic individuals is that they have a skin barrier defect. Their skin suffers from increased water loss and foreign substances such as allergens, bacteria and yeast can penetrate more easily than normal. This allows more contact of the allergens with the immune system see above. It also allows greater adherence of Staphylococci bacteria and Malassezia yeasts and is part of the reason that atopics are prone to these skin infections Prelaud and Power .Recently, reviewers have assessed evidence for which allergens may be the most important in canine atopy Prelaud and Power , Loewenstein and Mueller .Allergens from the house dust mite Dermatophagoides farina are the most important. Allergies to other mites such as Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Euroglyphus maynei, Acarus siro and Tyrophagus putrescentiae are either less common or may be largely due to cross reaction with D. Cross-reactions occur when a test detects one substance rather than another. Sensitivity to pollens can certainly be important but are usually seasonal in the UK. Many types of tree pollens are involved in canine atopy, and grass pollens are commonly involved. There are also many weeds implicated in canine atopy eg ragweed, plantain and mugwort. The importance of mould allergens in canine atopy is uncertain. Other allergens which have been considered of importance in the past, but which are no longer, include cockroach and other insects, house dust, fabrics such as cotton, wool and linen. An important concept in the pathogenesis of canine atopic dermatitis is that of the pruritic threshold. An individual may not be itchy just because it is atopic eg if it is mildly atopic. It may need another factor to combine with the atopy to tip it over the threshold of having clinical signs. So, various factors that can cause itchy skin may combine. In some dogs, just having one or two of these factors may not cause a problem but if a third or fourth occurs then disease will follow. An inherited atopic state is an important predisposing factor in many animals and a leading cause of welfare problems in dogs. They may also include environmental factors such as flea infestation or a dry climate. One important environmental influence may be the degree of early exposure to allergens for genetically predisposed individuals. There is evidence that prolonged and more intensive exposure to allergens in early life makes atopic dermatitis more likely and also that it is more likely to be severe. This is the case both for house dust mite allergens de Weck , de Weck et al and for pollens; pollen allergies may be more common in puppies born during the pollen season Halliwell .Return to top 2. Intensity of welfare impact The intensity of the welfare impact varies greatly Linek and Favrot .The primary itch due to atopy itself varies from mild to severe between individuals. It may also vary according to the season and environment that the dog is experiencing ie whether it is housed indoors or outside and where it is exercising, for example a dog allergic mostly to grasses may be better at the seaside than walking through meadows. Skin infections worsen the condition and their severity can vary. Atopy can cause great suffering in moderately-severely affected dogs due to the constant skin itching and irritation and the secondary damage that is done by the dog to its skin creating sore inflamed areas that are uncomfortable and possibly painful. Atopy can be difficult to control medically and suffering can be difficult to avoid during the time when a diagnosis of atopic dermatitis is being confirmed. This can be a prolonged and involved procedure see below. Treatment of atopic dermatitis usually involves drugs. The most effective treatments are based on corticosteroids or ciclosporin, both of which can have significant side effects with their own welfare issues. Some atopic dogs become seriously ill due to the side effects of treatment. Frequent shampooing is often required which may be unpleasant for some dogs. Dogs are euthanized because of atopic dermatitis. This is often because diagnosis and treatment are time-consuming and expensive for owners and reasonable long-term control, rather than cure, is often the best that can be achieved. Return to top 3. Duration of welfare impact Signs of atopy can be seen in some individuals from the age of months. More usually signs start between the ages of months. It is unusual for signs to start after three years. Some dogs have seasonal problems when its pollen allergens that they are allergic to but often dogs that had seasonal problems when younger will develop problems lasting all year round when they are older. Without treatment affected dogs will have the problem for life although the severity will usually wax and wane according to the amount of allergens they are exposed to at any given time, secondary infections, any exacerbating factors such as catching fleas and the weather, and the success of treatments. Treatment of atopic dermatitis is involved and lifelong. Drugs are used in most dogs and these are often required constantly. Return to top 4. Golden retrievers feature in most lists of predisposed breeds eg Griffin , Scott et al and there is evidence of a breed predisposition from Schick and Fadok and Jaeger et al .Return to top 5. Diagnosis The diagnosis of atopic dermatitis is complicated. There is no characteristic clinical sign or laboratory test result that enables the diagnosis to be made. Over the years there have been various attempts to create formal schemes to aid this process Willemse , Prelaud et al .The currently favoured scheme was created and tested by Favrot et al and its use clarified by Olivry .The Favrot diagnostic criteria for canine atopic dermatitis - used alongside the elimination of other possible causes of the signs see below. This means that if dogs were diagnosed, using this scheme alone, then 21 of this would have the wrong diagnosis — they actually have another cause of their disease, not atopy. Furthermore, there would have been another 15 dogs that actually do have atopy but had been excluded because the five criteria needed have not been found. For these reasons the scheme can not be used alone. The difficulties arise because all the clinical signs of atopic dermatitis are also seen in other common skin diseases. In order to make any of these schemes more reliable they have to be combined with tests that seek to exclude these other conditions. Mange mite infestations , and bacterial and yeast infections are ruled out by examinations of skin samples and trial treatments. Contact irritation and allergy is ruled out by avoidance of potential causes. Fleas are ruled out by trial treatment. Some rarer skin diseases may need to be ruled out by skin biopsy. Tests can be performed to identify which allergens are involved for a particular atopic dog. Unfortunately, these tests are not reliable in determining whether a dog is atopic or not and results of these tests are not used in making the diagnosis Favrot et al .Allergy testing can be performed using blood tests or intra-dermal into the skin injections. Return to top 6. Genetics That canine atopic dermatitis has a strong inherited component has long been assumed based on its similarity to human atopic syndromes and observations that canine breed and family predispositions are common Sousa and Marsella , Prelaud and Power .The heritability of atopy has been studied by Shaw et al .When considering guide dogs as a whole, a heritability of 0. The majority of these dogs were Labrador retrievers but Golden retrievers and Labrador-Golden retriever crosses were also represented. Given that all these puppies were raised in similar conditions it is reasonable to say that about half of the factors that caused them to have clinical atopic dermatitis were genetic and half were environmental. Further evidence for the importance of environmental influences has been published by Meury et al .Canine atopic dermatitis is likely to be one manifestation of canine atopy. As in humans, canine atopy is likely to be a polygenetic condition Happle and Schnyder , Shaw et al .There is evidence for an important dominant gene; at least in one line of Beagles de Weck , de Weck et al .A start has been made to investigate specific genes involved in several breeds, including the Golden retriever but, as yet, there are few publications available Wood et al .Return to top 7. How do you know if an animal is a carrier or likely to become affected? As yet there are no genetic tests to detect animals that may develop or pass on this disease. In common with other polygenetic disorders with important environmental influences, it may be advisable not to use affected individuals, or individuals with affected close relatives for breeding. However, this advice has not been tested and other considerations such as narrowing the gene pool and concurrent genetic diseases, such as hip dysplasia must also be considered. Return to top 8. Methods and prospects for elimination of the problem It may be considered that individuals with atopic dermatitis should not be used for breeding. This would include any affected individual, even if only mildly affected. This is because environmental factors are certainly important in whether an atopic individual has clinical signs and how bad they are. Not breeding from animals with a close relative that has suffered from any degree of atopic dermatitis would also be recommended, based on general information given for reducing disease resulting from polygenetic conditions Bell .But considerations should be given to not overbreed from individuals that are healthy, as far as atopy goes, but which could have other genetic problems as this could have unintended and undesirable genetic consequences Oberbauer .In breeds, such as the Labrador retriever, it may be necessary to widen the gene pool by introducing genes from other breeds. Return to top 9. Share shares It is accompanied by tongue-in-cheek text sarcastically warning of 'violent scenes' as a 'swarm of vicious dogs attack man'. The Strathlon Golden Retrievers have been bred over the last two years in Steven's house with six other dogs. Suffocated with love: Steven Stewart, 24, from Bonhill, West Dunbartonshire, can be heard yelling 'Oh my God' as he struggles to escape from the loveable cuddles Cuddles! The footage of Steven being swarmed by the pups has been viewed by Facebook users an astonishing 12 million times But now all except one puppy which they're keeping has moved on to their new homes. Steven said: 'The dogs are brought up in my house and at the moment we have 23 running about so it is a bit chaotic. Trying to escape: It is accompanied by tongue-in-cheek text sarcastically warning of 'violent scenes' as a 'swarm of vicious dogs attack man' Up we get! The Strathlon Golden Retrievers have been bred over the last two years in Steven's house with six other dogs Share or comment on this article: Facebook video shows golden retrievers clambering all over their breeder on the floor. To view the rest of our research, click here. You have breeders, brokers, transport companies, pet stores and online websites. In this day and age, there is no true way to know where your puppy is coming from unless you visit the facility yourself to meet the parents, or adopt a pet from a local rescue or shelter. Unfortunately, the dog breeding business is clouded in secrecy and, unless you know how to ask the right questions, you will constantly be searching for answers. One of the main projects that Bailing Out Benji focuses on is independently auditing government health records that track puppies from breeder to broker to pet store, so the public has a fighting chance to do their research before they buy a puppy. Because of their role in this, JAKS was investigated by the Iowa Attorney General due to puppy laundering and they are linked to other sham rescue organizations that have been sued in the state of California. Americans are used to being on the lookout for a scam, but authorities are warning of a new kind of fraud. Puppy Kingpin shines a spotlight on Jolyn Noethe, a secretive businesswoman from Iowa who is accused of laundering puppies much like drug money. Investigative reporter Alex Schuman exposes the scheme and an underground part of the industry bringing us the pets we love. Smoke Screen: Puppy Kingpin is available June 16th, .Subscribe on apple podcasts to binge all episodes or listen weekly wherever you get your podcasts. The tricky part with the secretive puppy mill industry is that the CVIs are only needed when a puppy is crossing state lines. So the JAKs name is on those documents when a pet store gets the puppy- and rarely the name of the actual breeder. This is where we come in! Below you will find a list of all of the known facilities that JAKS buys from before they broker the puppies to pet stores from coast to coast. We are still pulling records on additional states. Below you will find a list of the facilities that JAKS Puppies sourced from in organized by state that the puppies originated in. Based on the records we audited, we were able to determine that JAKS Puppies imported at least 8, puppies from facilities outside of Iowa. Illinois Bennie Chupp. Arcola, Illinois- appears to be unlicensed. Stephen Yutzy. Liberty, Illinois- appears to be unlicensed. Indiana Ada Wagler. Loogootee, Indiana- appears to be unlicensed. Allen R Stoll. Logootee, Indiana- appears to be unlicensed. Ben Wagler. Odon, Indiana- appears to be unlicensed. Dave Knepp. David Glick. Middlebury, Indiana- appears to be unlicensed. Elmer Raber. Elmer L Wagler. Montgomery, Indiana- appears to be unlicensed. Fred Yoder. Montgomery, Indiana. James Otto and Maryann Otto. Jerry Miller, Play More Kennel. Jerry Wingard. John Otto, Red Barn Kennels. Kevin Graber. Graber canceled shortly after receiving 4 USDA violations. Levi Wagler and Janet Wagler. Lonnie Lambright. Lucas Miller. Shipshewana, Indiana- appears to be unlicensed. Marcus Lengacher. Francis Wagler and Margaret Wagler. Marion Mishler. Martin Miller. Mary Yoder. Mervin Raber, Pine Hill Pets. Michael Yoder. Topeka, Indiana- appears to be unlicensed. Richard Frey. Richard Yoder. Steve Kauffman. Steven Mullett. Goshen, Indiana- appears to be unlicensed. Virginia Wagler. Walter Schwartz. Monroe, Indiana- appears to be unlicensed. This facility was also named one of the worst puppy mills in the country in .This facility is a major supplier to JAKS. Willard Beechy. Willis Schwartz. Iowa Edwin Gingerich, Winginger Kennel. This facility became licensed after Bailing Out Benji filed a complaint about their unlicensed breeding facility in October .Kansas Audrey Sinn. Mahaska, Kansas- appears to be unlicensed. Jane Waterman, Waterman Kennels. This facility was named one of the worst puppy mills in the country in .Michigan Daniel Lambright and Marcus Lambright. Jacob Lambright and Samuel Lambright. These violations were pertaining to outdoor housing facilities, primary enclosures, dogs chained to logs, lack of water, and cleaning, sanitization, housekeeping and pest control. At the time of their last inspection, Lambright had 38 adult breeding dogs and 28 puppies. This facility has also been named one of the worst puppy mills in the country twice. Ashley Freeburg. Tracy, Minnesota- appears to be unlicensed. Jim Christian. John Henry Miller. Justin Sawyer, Foot Hills Farm. Melvin Lien. Garvin, Minnesota- appears to be unlicensed. Missouri Amos Schwartz. Schwartz was named one of the worst puppy mills in the country in and has been downsizing their kennel over the last few inspections. Andrew Borntreger. Anna Leinbach. Versailles, Missouri- appears to be unlicensed. Athea Stutzman and Sarah Stutzman. Jamesport, Missouri- appears to be unlicensed. Chris Mast, Shady Ridge Kennel. Dana Farr, A Cute Puppy. This facility is a regular supplier to JAKS. Daniel Shirk. Their most recent inspection was a focused inspection for a small amount of animals 1 adult, 4 puppies. David Blaine. Greentop, Missouri- appears to be unlicensed. David Mast. David Rhinehart. David Stutzman and Katie Stutzman. Emery Shetler. Mercer, Missouri- appears to be unlicensed. Enos Mast. Bethany, Missouri- appears to be unlicensed. This facility has been named one of the worst puppy mills in the country twice. Gary Simmons and Victoria Simmons. Geri Higgins, Higgins Kennel. Glenn Bontrager. Hamilton, Missouri- appears to be unlicensed. Jacob Wagler. Gilman City, Missouri- appears to be unlicensed. John Hall. Ava, Missouri- appears to be unlicensed. John Yoder. Ravenwood, Missouri- appears to be unlicensed. Jonas Hostetler, Shady Maples Kennel. Junior Detweiler, Echo Valley Kennel. Levi Kurtz and Martha Kurtz. Lukas Miller, K9 Kreations. Lydia Stauffer, JL Farm. Mabel Zimmerman, Prairie Dog Kennel. Bryant also had 2 violations on this inspection pertaining to veterinary care and housing facilities. Marilyn Zimmerman, Sky High Kennel. Michael Yutzy, Shady Hollow Kennel. Michelle Detweiler. Mike Murphy. Albany, Missouri- appears to be unlicensed. Phillip Hoover, Show Me Puppies. Roman Bontrager. Roman Detweiler. Princeton, Missouri- appears to be unlicensed. Sam Packnett. Hughesville, Missouri- appears to be unlicensed. Samuel Hershberger. Spickard, Missouri- appears to be unlicensed. Prior to that, Webb had 35 adult breeding dogs. Terry Hall. Timothy Hostetler. William Troyer. Ohio David Burkholder. Marie Burkholder. Holmesville, Ohio- appears to be unlicensed. Mose Troyer. Millersburg, Ohio- appears to be unlicensed. Robert Yoder. Frederickstown, Ohio- appears to be unlicensed. Harvey Martin. Denver, Pennsylvania- appears to be unlicensed. This facility has also been on the horrible hundred puppy mill list in , and .Adam Miller. Cashton, Wisconsin- appears to be unlicensed. Benuel Allgyer. Ben Borntreger. Tomah, Wisconsin- appears to be unlicensed. Because of that, Borntreger was named one of the worst puppy mills in the country. Clyde Horst, Red Barn Kennel. Dan Yoder, Rainbow Ridge Kennels. David Nisley. David Miller. Dorothy Nolt and Gerald Nolt. Earl Horning. Stanley, Wisconsin- appears to be unlicensed. Ella Mae Brubacker, Northwood Kennel. Elmer Miller. Emma Horst. Ester Nolt and Alvin Nolt. This facility was also named one of the worst puppy mills in the country in and .Henry Hershberger and Henry Nisley. Jacob Stoltzfus. Fennimore, Wisconsin- appears to be unlicensed. Jesse Miller. Lamar Martin. Boyd, Wisconsin- appears to be unlicensed. Leroy Borntreger. Lewis Miller. Hillsboro, Wisconsin- appears to be unlicensed. Marvin Miller. Mary Ann Bontrager. Mervin Miller. Noah Martin. Reuben Schrock, Premier Kennels. This facility also received two violations on this report due to primary enclosures and veterinary care. Samuel Bontrager. Steve Miller. Warren Brubacker, Twilight Kennel. Once JAKS Puppies receives the puppies from the breeders listed above, they are then transported up to 25 hours in the backs vans and resold to pet stores all over the country. All before the puppy is even 9 weeks old. To find out where these puppies end up, click here. To put an end to this cruel industry, we must stop putting money into the pockets of the businesses that are fueling puppy mills. Please consider making a donation to our nonprofit organization to help us continue researching, exposing and fighting the puppy mill industry. Kornegay, Email: ude. Corresponding author. Received Feb 4; Accepted Apr .Associated Data Data compiled by the author and cited in this paper are generally available for review. The absence of dystrophin leads to myofiber membrane fragility and necrosis, with eventual muscle atrophy and contractures. Affected boys typically die in their second or third decade due to either respiratory failure or cardiomyopathy. Despite extensive attempts to develop definitive therapies for DMD, the standard of care remains prednisone, which has only palliative benefits. Animal models, mainly the mdx mouse and golden retriever muscular dystrophy GRMD dog, have played a key role in studies of DMD pathogenesis and treatment development. Because the GRMD clinical syndrome is more severe than in mice, better aligning with the progressive course of DMD, canine studies may translate better to humans. The original founder dog for all GRMD colonies worldwide was identified in the early s before the discovery of the DMD gene and dystrophin. Accordingly, analogies to DMD were initially drawn based on similar clinical features, ranging from the X-linked pattern of inheritance to overlapping histopathologic lesions. GRMD colonies have subsequently been established to conduct pathogenetic and preclinical treatment studies. Simultaneous with the onset of GRMD treatment trials, phenotypic biomarkers were developed, allowing definitive characterization of treatment effect. Importantly, GRMD studies have not always substantiated findings from mdx mice and have sometimes identified serious treatment side effects. While the GRMD model may be more clinically relevant than the mdx mouse, usage has been limited by practical considerations related to expense and the number of dogs available. This further complicates ongoing broader concerns about the poor rate of translation of animal model preclinical studies to humans with analogous diseases. Accordingly, in performing GRMD trials, special attention must be paid to experimental design to align with the approach used in DMD clinical trials. This review provides context for the GRMD model, beginning with its original description and extending to its use in preclinical trials. Mutations in the DMD gene limit production of the protein, dystrophin, resulting in loss of myofiber membrane integrity and repeated cycles of necrosis and regeneration [ 1 ]. Muscle is gradually replaced with fibrous connective tissue and fat, leading to weakness and debilitating contractures. Eventual involvement of respiratory muscles and the heart causes cardiopulmonary failure and death in the second to third decade of life. Although the molecular basis for DMD was defined 30 years ago, glucocorticoids and supportive therapy remain the standard of care. Prior to the discovery of the DMD gene and dystrophin protein in the s, there were no definitive genetic animal models for DMD. Various inherited and experimental primary myopathies in animals, most notably in mice, chickens, and hamsters, were studied in an effort to gain insight into the pathogenesis and potential treatment of the human dystrophies [ 3 ]. The most obvious discrepancy in these models related to their autosomal versus X-linked pattern of inheritance. While these animal studies provided useful insight on disease pathogenesis, their overall value was questioned [ 4 ]. Subsequently, spontaneous genetically homologous dystrophinopathies have been identified in several mammalian species, including mice and dogs. Because the phenotype of dystrophic dogs more closely mirrors that of DMD, pathogenetic and preclinical treatment studies may better translate to humans. Most canine studies have been conducted in the golden retriever muscular dystrophy GRMD model, which occurs due to a spontaneous splice site mutation in the DMD gene. In this review, fundamental early observations that hinted at the membranal nature of both DMD and GRMD are covered first, followed by a discussion of molecular studies that identified the DMD gene and dystrophin protein. Challenges facing physicians and scientists in translating therapies from animals to humans are then discussed, with emphasis on the importance of first and foremost establishing safety. The review concludes with an overview of the role of animal models and, in particular, GRMD in treatment development. Disease pathogenesis: the membrane theory Well before the molecular age allowed identification of disease-causing genes, physicians and scientists relied on clinical clues and their intuition to infer disease pathogenesis. The membrane theory originated with the observation that enzymes, such as aldolase and phosphorylase, were decreased in muscle [ 5 ] and elevated in serum [ 6 , 7 ]. This was presumed to occur because of damage to the myofiber membrane, the sarcolemma. In fact, elevations of creatine phosphokinase CPK , now typically shortened to creatine kinase CK , had become particularly useful in the diagnosis of DMD [ 6 ]. Additional support for the membrane theory came from ultrastructural studies showing defects in the sarcolemma Fig. Concomitant influx of calcium was hypothesized to lead to fiber hypercontraction or protease activation, each of which could contribute to the characteristic myofiber hyaline necrosis seen in DMD. In support of this mechanistic disease association, the membrane lesions sometimes overlay wedge-shaped areas of focal necrosis, so called delta lesions [ 10 ] see Fig.

You may find it easier to follow the step-by-step drawings below the video. The new lines in each step are shown in red, so you'll know exactly what to draw next. You may want to open the video in a new tab and use both drawing methods. Take your time and draw at your own pace. Written step-by-step video tutorial: For the first few steps, don't press down too hard with your pencil. Use light, smooth strokes to begin. Step 1: Draw two small ovals for the cartoon German shepherd puppy's eyes. Sketch lightly at first to get the shapes right. Space out the eyes. Don't draw them too close together. Shade in the ovals but leave a couple of circles blank inside each oval to represent glare. The eye on the right should be a tiny bit smaller than the eye on the left. Step 2: Below the eye on the right, draw a small sideways oval for the nose. Make the bottom edge of the nose a bit pointy instead of curved. Shade in the dog's nose but leave a thin strip blank at the top for shine. Step 3: Draw a curved line on the right side for the muzzle. The German shepherd's muzzle starts to the right of the nose, then curves down and to the left. Draw a short, curved line for the mouth near the bottom of the muzzle. Step 4: To the right of the eyes, draw a line that curves up and to the left for the front of the puppy's head. The top edge of the head should be high above the eyes. Use jagged lines at the top for fur. Step 5: On the top, left side of the head, draw a big, triangle-like shape for the German shepherd puppy's first ear. Within the ear, on the right, draw a long line for structure. At the bottom, draw some jagged lines for fur. Cute dogs and puppies, drawn by the artist German Shepherd is so sweet and good-natured that so much people of all ages from all around the world are liked it. Their cute eyes can not leave any person be indifferent, so try to draw a puppy right now! Our lesson on drawing was created specifically for you, so you just learned how to draw and confident! Everyone can learn how to draw a Puppy Our artists have done everything to make your drawing even easier and more convenient than ever. And at the beginning of your drawing, you can be sure that the pattern will be perfectly beautiful, just like the masterpiese of the German Shepherd. Step by step lessons are so simple, that even a child can learn to draw. German Shepherd Dog step by step This lesson on drawing contains 8 steps and completing each of them you get closer to the ideal completion of your drawing. Just think: just 8 simple steps — and you will get the perfect picture of the dog in the German Shepherd style! You can also draw and other animals, because our site prepared for you so many lessons in drawing. This dog typically has long, pointed ears and a medium-length, bi-colored fur coat. German Shepherd dogs are particularly known for their intelligence, courage, and loyalty to their owners. Because of their gorgeous physical features, they are an extremely appealing subject to draw. Thus, it has created a huge demand for a free German Shepherd drawing tutorial. Finally, we present to you—a step-by-step tutorial on how to draw a German Shepherd in a nutshell. This tutorial consists of 9 easy and simple steps that come with visual illustrations. Have fun putting your imaginary pet dog into paper! Step 1 Starting on the upper left portion of your paper, draw a sideways oval shape to outline the head of your German Shepherd. In order to make sure that your German Shepherd will be drawn proportionally, create reference lines by drawing an intersecting horizontal and vertical line across your paper. These lines should divide your paper into four square spaces. The one on the upper left is where you should draw the oval shape. You can structure the body any way you want, and make it as thick or as thin as you want. Afterwards, get rid of the lines overlapping in the legs using an eraser to keep your drawing neat and tidy. Create the hind legs of your dog by drawing a curved line with a folded leg right underneath at the bottom of its body. Bear in mind that since the dog is facing sideways, only one leg is going to be visible. We think a furry tail looks best when drawing a German Shepherd, but feel free to draw the tail any way you like! The standing pointed ears, as seen in the illustration, is actually one of the most distinctive features of a German Shepherd. You can absolutely draw folded ears, droopy ears, or any form of ears you like! Step 8 — Add Patterns and Marks All Over its Coat German Shepherd dogs typically have more than one color, so we will be drawing lines all over its body to help us in coloring its coat later on. Draw another line across the body and the tail, as shown in the illustration. Step 9 — Finish Off by Drawing the Facial Features Finalize your German Shepherd artwork by drawing its eyes, nose, as well as the outline of its inner ear. Next, draw a pair of eyes right below its forehead. Now, complete its facial features by drawing a half upside down triangular shape on its snout to form the nose. This is the part where you can show off your artistic skills and your ability to mix and match various colors. German Shepherd dogs are generally black, grey, or sable in color. There are also some with a combination of the colors black and tan, red and black, and black and silver. This gives you a lot of color options when coloring your drawing. Enjoy coloring your German Shepherd and watch as your drawing ultimately comes to life! Do this to take your German Shepherd drawing to the next level Find out how to make this German shepherd drawing even more amazing! The cartoon style of this German shepherd sketch is really cute! If you want to really challenge yourself, you could try to draw a more realistic rendition. To do this, try looking up some photos of German shepherds, and then use these photos to help you with the details. The ears, paws, facial details and body shape would be the most important aspects to change. If you know someone who has a German shepherd, that would be even better! Whether you stay with this style or make it more realistic, we think this cute dog deserves some toys. You could draw all kinds of fun dog toys beside it for it to interact with. Maybe you could draw a ball, a small rope toy or maybe a squeaky toy. Instead of toys, drawing objects like a food bowl or a water bowl would also be options. Any of these would add some more details to admire in this German shepherd drawing. They would also give you the chance to add lots of color! If you have more favorite dog breeds, we think it would be cute to add them to this drawing of a German shepherd. For example, maybe you love poodles! By looking up some pictures or using a real one, you could draw one done in a similar style to the German shepherd. What are some breeds you would add to this image? Lastly, we would recommend drawing a background for this one. There are so many places a German shepherd could be, from a backyard to a fun dog park. These are some more conventional ideas, but you could also get more creative with it. Maybe the German shepherd could be at a dog party with those other breeds you may have added in the previous tip! What are some fun background ideas you have for this drawing? Your German Shepherd Drawing is Complete! We hope you enjoy this step-by-step German Shepherd drawing tutorial. This guide is designed for beginners and experts alike who want to learn how to draw an adorable German Shepherd dog. This is definitely an enjoyable activity for anyone who loves dogs or animals in general. We are regularly uploading brand-new drawing tutorials, so make sure you keep re-visiting our website so you can keep learning how to draw something new. Make sure to show off your work of art by sharing it on our Facebook page and Pinterest.

Share 0 Shares Possibly the most important thing to consider when choosing a Golden Retriever breeder is that they focus on the health, longevity, and temperament of their dogs. This means that they do not just care about what their dog looks like, but that they are also healthy and have a solid personality. In order to do this, all reputable Golden Retriever breeders will health test their dogs to ensure that their lines will be as genetically healthy as possible. According to the Golden Retriever Club of America, these health tests should at least include screening for hip and elbow problems and screening for a variety of eye conditions. Similarly, reputable Golden Retriever breeders will socialize their puppies from a young age to give them a good start in life and set them up for having a good temperament. Here are the top 7 Golden Retriever breeders in Maryland. Additionally, this breeder is also a proud member of the Golden Retriever Club of America. The main goal of these breeders is to bring healthy, happy, and good-natured Golden Retriever puppies into loving homes. To ensure that their dogs are genetically healthy, this breeder clears all of her dogs through health testing. Puppies are also kept up to date on their vaccinations and deworming, and they are also seen by a vet before going to their new homes. Puppies receive an extensive amount of socialization from an early age to ensure that they are ready to go to their new homes as well. Please note that this breeder requests that you fill out their puppy application form before making inquiries about puppies or putting a deposit down. From here you will need to wait for approval from the breeder and wait for the next steps. Name of Owner. One or both of this puppy's parents have undergone genetic testing. One or both of this puppy's parents are hip certified. One or both of this puppy's parents is OFA Heart certified. This puppy has had early neurological stimulation exercises. The sad truth is that many pet store purchased pups actually come from puppy mills. Basically, there is zero authenticity with pet stores. When it comes to adopting any animal from a pet store, there is an increased risk of unforeseen health or genetic problems. You also cultivate a life-long relationship with the breeder, meaning support is available to you anytime you may need it. With My Golden Retriever Puppies , you have the option to come and visit both the puppy and the breeder in person! Golden Retrievers are an adaptable breed, meaning they are better at adapting to seasonal changes and various types of climate than certain other breeds. Goldens sport a double-coat, which ensures that these sweet pups are able to tolerate slightly colder temperatures than their friends from other breeds. Your pup deserves better than that, which is why here at My Golden Retriever Puppies , we ensure high-quality care is taken of your pet at all times. For more about the true price of a golden retriever puppy, you can read our full price breakdown here. Location Information for Maryland Customers Our home office is located in Ohio, but we understand that long-distance travel can be inconvenient. If you prefer to meet a breeder in person, they may be able to offer private visits at their home. Of course! Here at My Golden Retriever Puppies , we value family and authenticity, which is why we always guarantee our pups through our 2-year genetic health guarantee. Like adopting a Golden Retriever from a pet store, there is an increased risk when adopting a pup from a rescue center or shelter as well. For example, pups purchased through a shelter or rescue center are far less likely to come with the kinds of health guarantees and reassurances that a breeder can provide. What type of Golden Retrievers are sold in Maryland? We have some good news! Ready to make your Golden Retriever dreams come true? Take a look at our convenient list of available puppies. How do I know which breeders to trust in Maryland? Our independent network of trusted breeders have already been pre-screened and verified, so that you can focus on what really matters: choosing your dream puppy. Be the first to know when we have new puppies! All Rights Reserved.

An hour later, the puppy has been running around the house, chugged a bunch of water, pees in the house again, and it starts all over… So how do we stop this cycle from happening? Step 1: Take Them Outside Often Some people recommend taking your puppy outside every 20 minutes, while others recommend every hour. The point is, take your puppy outside often before they need to go. Puppies can hold their bladder for about an hour per their age in months, so a two-month-old puppy can hold it for about two hours, a three-month-old puppy can hold it for about three hours, and so on. But now that playtime is over they suddenly remember they have to pee and this nice carpet looks like the perfect spot! You can use this to your advantage by taking them to the same spot every time. To stop this, you need to clean up accidents with an enzymatic cleaner , not regular soap and water. One issue that many people make we made it, too is praising them too loud and too soon, and interrupting them. Then grab them and bring them outside to their spot and if they finish going, praise them like normal for going outside. So if you do all of the steps above, how long should it take for your puppy to be potty trained? All puppies are different, but it can take two weeks to a few months for your golden retriever puppy to be potty trained. Tell your golden what a good boy or girl it is and offer a treat right after the deed is done. Recommended Videos Be consistent If you want to teach your golden to go outside, you must be consistent. Set an alarm for certain times of the day to go out, so your golden has plenty of chances to get it right. Be realistic about how long your golden can hold it. That will allow you plenty of time to help your puppy make the transition to following the rules of your house. Use the potty command To help ensure your golden does its business, add in the potty command. Each time your dog eliminates after the command, offer praise and treats. It could take some consistent practice for it to go outside, and it may arrive in stages. Your puppy may have trouble at night for a little bit until it understands the schedule and is able to make better decisions. If you find that your puppy is having a lot of trouble getting the command, take a look at your process. Are you expecting your puppy to go too long between potty breaks? Are you inconsistent with your praise or timing? Sometimes, a simple change in your process could finally help your pet over that hurdle. How do I train my golden retriever? Offer praise and treats each time your puppy is successful. This is unhealthy and dangerous. Your puppy will need time to get things right. If you only punish your puppy, it may hide to go to the bathroom to avoid the punishment. The training process may take patience, but goldens are highly trainable dogs. Your puppy is ready to be part of the family and needs a little encouragement to understand the rules and behavior you want to see. Editors' Recommendations. Golden Retriever Puppy and Housebreaking Golden Retriever Puppy and Housebreaking If you have a Golden Retriever at your home, it is understandable that you want him to do his business outside the house. Housebreaking of the new Golden Retriever puppy should begin the moment the puppy enters your house. And your foremost concern is to train your Golden Retriever puppy not to urinate all over your place. If he has to go, he will go. The puppy will most probably have the ability to control his pee when he reaches three months. In the meantime, expect the Golden Retriever puppy to urinate about six times a day. This means that housebreaking your new Golden Retriever puppy will take patience, time, and a lot of work. If you make use of proper techniques to train your dog for the same, this process will not take much time. Along with Golden Retriever house training, you should also provide him crate training. This will make them understand the fact that they do not have to soil their crate. If they are trained properly, they will never soil their crate unless they cannot help it or if they have diarrhea. The first thing you need to know about your Golden Retriever puppies is that they need to relieve themselves a lot. They tend to pee after naps, play sessions, drinking water and even otherwise. They poo as well after they have had their meal in evening and morning. He usually urinates after eating. This is because the full stomach pushes the colon and the bladder. Your Golden Retriever puppy knows that he will pee really soon and this is why he may turn in circles or sniff around. When a puppy does these things, especially after a meal, do not assume that he wants to play with you. He is sniffing and looking for the right place to urinate. What you need to do quickly is to take the Golden Retriever puppy out so that he can relive himself. It's the place you have designated as the area to relieve himself. Do it even when your puppy is busy playing and partying. Once you bring the puppy to this area, do not attempt to play with him. This is a business trip, not a leisure excursion. The puppy senses that it is what you want — to pee in this place only. But be patient with your pet. Rushing him will not make him understand your purpose in the first place. Dog trainers advise that you give your young Golden Retriever pet about ten minutes to complete his business. When your puppy goes out to his business, do not forget to praise him in a happy voice till the time he is finished with it. You will see your pup responding well to your happy and excited voice. While the process of golden retriever house training is still on, the pup might accidentally pee inside the house. Do not scold him for this. Prefer to say nothing. Your pup will himself understand the difference between happy praise outside and dead silence inside the house when he does his business. You should only scold him if he continues to do this for weeks after house training. Do not start giving him a lecture. It will also be to your advantage if you associate words with the actions of your Golden Retriever puppy. At the first sign or proof that the puppy understands this, you must immediately praise the Golden Retriever puppy. He will know that you were pleased. And since dogs naturally want to please their master, he will remember what he has done that earned your approval. And soon, you need not keep escorting your puppy. But do not wait for him to finish his business before you get upset. If you do, he will think that the mess made you upset, and not the act of peeing on the wrong place. Up until the age of five months, you need to keep a watchful eye on your Golden Retriever puppy. This will be his training period. Afterwards, you will enjoy the easy life of a housebroken Golden Retriever. This is where you feel the need of golden retriever house training. Puppies will not pee in their crates and when training the puppies, take the pup out in the crate itself and then take him out. This will reduce the chances of the pup peeing on the way to an open space. An important thing to remember in golden retriever house training is that you should never rub the nose of your puppy when it is doing its business. It is considered a big disgrace for your dog and he might think that you are crazy. Always remember that golden retriever house training is a process that demands commitment, patience and supervision. Do not expect your dog to be trained in a few minutes. Be kind to him and keep praising him for all the good jobs and he will love you for it. Love your dog and he will love you back and will be the best friend you could ever have. He is crated overnight and has access to a crate during the day but continues to have accidents in the house — both 1 and 2. He seemed so hungry we started free feeding him, and he both plays in and drinks a lot of water. This puppy is whip smart about everything else…he learned to sit, down and shake paws at just 9 weeks and learns very quickly. Any suggestions? What goes in must come out. Praise and treat him when he voids outside, then crate him for a couple hours before taking him out again. Follow a consistent routine and your furry Einstein will earn his freedom in short order. This is perfectly normal for any spirited young pup. To curb unwanted behaviors, you need to think like him. First, the nipping. Find long-lasting, satisfying chew items he enjoys. When he nips, hide your hands and if he gets pushy simply ignore him. Walk away if you have to. Same technique applies to the barking. Dear Karen: I was so touched by your story on the loss of Otis, the cat. He, too, was diabetic and would have been 15 in April. The loss of such a great cat is hard. I have two other cats, but none can compare to sweet Taz. I thought both times that was it. But after each adventure he would return with tales of the outside world. I feel your loss and know you gave Otis a great life. Box , Grantham, PA .Please include hometown and phone number. There is nothing cuter than a puppy… until it makes that first hot, steamy mess on your new Persian rug. Potty-training frustrations have formed more than a few wedges between new pet parents and their fur babies. Fortunately, with a bit of knowledge, consistency and patience, spending time on your knees scrubbing up pet stains can be a thing of the past! Training Methods to the Madness There are four popular house-training methods utilized by owners: Crate training Constant-supervision Umbilical-cord training. Some people stick to one method, while others use a combination of these different approaches to best suit their lifestyle. Crate Training Crate training works on two genetic principles: the safety of a den and the need to keep it clean. When the pups are old enough, they learn to eliminate outside of their den. Your puppy has these same genetic rules in his brain: the den is a safe place and it needs to be kept clean. Crates utilize these instinctual rules. Therefore, if you put your puppy in the crate, he learns to hold his bladder until you take him to the appropriate spot. The crate is a tool to utilize any time you cannot actively watch your puppy. When your puppy is out, you MUST supervise him at all times. Any time he has an accident in the house, this sets your training back. Some people feel that crate training is cruel. Crates are simply tools. Crate training gives you a break. So go take that bubble bath without fear of an accident! Crate training means no indoor messes to clean up, and no indoor potty smells to trigger repeat performances after being attracted by the scent. When puppies get used to sleeping in their own filth, they lose this natural instinct to keep their crates clean. If crate training is only used to confine your puppy for long periods of time, he may associate it with negative things — such as isolation. Make sure you use the crate in positive ways so your pup associates comfort and good things, such as food, with the crate — not just being left alone. Who Should Use Crate Training? Paper Training Paper training teaches a puppy to go to the bathroom on paper or puppy pads. This allows you to control where your puppy piddles. Begin by putting the puppy in a confined area of the house with tile flooring for easy clean up. Puppies like to eliminate on soft places, so putting paper down gives them this solution. Put paper or puppy pads on all hard surfaces. Your puppy will avoid eliminating on his bed and will use the paper, since it covers all other surfaces. Once he gets the idea, you can slowly begin eliminating the paper, starting with material closest to the bed. Leave a small piece of slightly soiled paper where you want your puppy to continue to eliminate. This utilizes the principle that puppies like to eliminate where they smell their previous offerings. The goal is for your puppy to learn to go only on the paper. If you want to eventually have your puppy eliminate outside, you can then slowly move the paper towards the door, and then put some paper outside. When your puppy goes to the paper inside, you can open the door and let them go on the paper outside. You then slowly take away the inside paper until they are going to the door to use only the outside paper. Cons of Paper Training If your goal is to get your puppy to eliminate outside, paper training can lengthen house training because your dog is taught to go inside the house first and you then have to basically re-train them. You also have a lot of stinky messes to clean up. Who Should Use Paper Training? Paper training gives your puppy room to play, while still allowing him to eliminate without the need for owner intervention. Constant-Supervision Training Constant-supervision training means that you never take your eyes off your puppy. You learn how to identify when you puppy needs to go, and at the first signal of circling or sniffing you scoop up your fur kid and take him to his potty spot in the yard. This training method requires a lot of intense observation and is best suited for only the most vigilant of owners. Pros of Constant-Supervision Training Your pup has a lot more freedom, and you are there for his every action. When you turn your back for a second — and you will — your puppy will sneak off and make a mistake in the house. This method can take longer than crate training. You must have the time to completely devote to your puppy during the housebreaking period, or you will be cleaning up a lot of messes on your carpet. Constant-supervision training may be best if you have plenty of time to devote solely to the new addition. You must also be constantly home during the potty-training period. You still watch your puppy during his every waking moment, but you use a six-foot leash to keep him tethered to you. You then watch for the signals that your puppy needs to go and take him outside. Pros of Umbilical-Cord Training You only need a leash to start the training, and you can also train your puppy to walk on the leash at the same time. Your puppy gets the exposure and socialization that comes with going everywhere with you. Cons of Umbilical-Cord Training You must have your puppy tied to you at all times, which can be difficult. This can be dangerous if they get caught up in something. If you like constant-supervision training, but want the added security of not losing track of your pup, umbilical-cord training may be a better option. Again, you must be able to keep your puppy with you wherever you go during the day. Your puppy is not eliminating in the house to be spiteful. Do NOT personalize this process. At 8 weeks, most puppies cannot last past two hours. At 12 weeks, this time extends to three hours. At 16 weeks, puppies can wait up to four hours between potty breaks. Punishing a puppy when you find the mess is not helpful and damages your relationship. If you find a mess, simply clean it up. Puppies operate on schedules. When you adapt to the same schedule, you can anticipate their needs and set them up for success. Puppies potty after a long nap, after a meal and after a good play session. They will also need to go out first thing in the morning and right before bed. Your puppy will give you signals when they need to go , such as moving away from you, circling, sniffing or squatting. Puppies tend to go back to the same place they have soiled before. If you do have an accident in the house, you must eliminate all traces of the odor to avoid a repeat offender. Reward your puppy for going to the bathroom where you want. If you catch them in the act of making a mess in the wrong place, distract them, and then pick them up to take them to the proper location to finish. With consistency, they begin to make the word association. The best way to house train a puppy for you may be sticking to one plan, or utilizing multiple approaches to achieve a perfectly house-trained pet. With a little guidance and a lot of love, you and your puppy will find the right balance of a well-behaved dog and an unsoiled Persian rug! This series contains everything a Golden owner needs to know on the subject and should have your puppy or dog toilet trained in the fastest, most effective and painless way for all involved. We strongly recommend reading through the whole series before you begin, to give yourself the skills and knowledge for the greatest chance at speedy success.

We raise high-quality Mini Labradoodles as well as a few other breeds. We also have partnered up with several other reputable breeders that raise mini labradoodle pups that meet our strict genetic criteria and testing. So we usually have a good selection of very high-quality puppies. View Our Available Puppies! F1B Mini Labradoodle Puppies are a second-generation cross or hybrid. The father is a Mini Poodle and the mother is an F1 Labradoodle. The F1B Minature Labradoodles usually have soft hair that is usually wavy or curly. Thes puppies are considered semi-hypoallergenic since they shed minimally. These puppies can be a good fit if a person that has mild pet allergies. Once F1B Mini Labradoodles reach 6 months old they require to be groomed once every 8 weeks or so to keep their fur healthy and to stop matting. Adult F1B Mini labradoodle dogs range in size from 14 inches in height and pounds in weight. The average life span is typically years of age. The F1BB puppies usually have curlier coats and will be totally hypoallergenic. Once the F1BB pup is 6 months they will need regular grooming every 6 to 8 weeks. F1BB Puppies are usually slightly smaller than F1B puppies and range from 12 inches in height and pounds in weight. Mini Labradoodles are known for their intelligence and the ability to be trained very easily. They make amazing family pets and love to participate in family activities like swimming, hiking, camping or just playing tag in the yard. This breed is also a good choice for people who live in apartments as long as they get at least minutes of exercise a day. So if you live near Pittsburgh Pennsylvania and are looking for a healthy and beautiful Mini Labradoodle puppy that can be delivered to you then check out our available pups now by Clicking Here. Below are some Mini Labradoodle pups that have been adopted. Mini Labradoodle vs Mini Sheepadoodle Comparison Two dog breeds, one purpose: to make your life a joy-filled journey powered by strong bonds, friendship, and unconditional love. Meet the Mini Labradoodle and the Mini Sheepadoodle. Two very adorable and friendly dogs with upbeat personalities, the Mini Labradoodle and Mini Sheepadoodle make the perfect addition to any lucky family. Your way of life, hobbies, and work schedule are all important factors that can help determine which of the two dog breeds is a good fit for your lifestyle.Welcoming a new puppy into your home is an exciting time filled with joy, cuddles, and a few inevitable challenges. One of the most common questions new puppy owners ask is, "When can puppies go outside? They are fun, easygoing, and gentle. Mini Labradoodles enjoy canine games like chase, fetch, and Frisbee, and thrive on cuddles and love. Energetic, friendly, and full of life, the Mini Labradoodles make wonderful jogging and hiking companions. They are known to enjoy a good swim, a long stroll, and are very fond of adventures. The Mini Labradoodle puppies are happy, energetic, and bright bundles of joy. They are loving and eager to please, love to play and cuddle, and are excellent training students. A cross between Labrador Retrievers and Mini or Toy Poodles, the Mini Labradoodle may take after one parent breed or the other in appearance or they may have their own unique look with an added bonus of a hypoallergenic coat. Puppy Breeds The Labradoodle is a hybrid breed of dog derived from breeding a Labrador Retriever and a poodle. At their best, Labradoodles are intelligent, friendly, and affectionate. They come in three sizes: miniature weighing 15 to 30 pounds , medium 30 to 45 pounds , and standard 45 to more than pounds. Because they are a crossbreed their traits are not fixed, so there is no guarantee that the Labradoodle puppy you purchase will fall into the desired weight range. Labradoodles have a moderate activity level. Larger Labradoodles may be more active than their smaller kin. They need a good walk or active playtime each day, and, if youre interested and the dog's overall health is good enough , they are athletic enough to participate in such dog sports as agility, flyball, obedience, and rally. They can also be excellent therapy dogs. Both of the breeds used to create Labradoodles tend to be smart and learn quickly. If you begin socialization and training early and use positive reinforcement techniques such as praise, play, and food rewards, you will be rewarded with a wonderful companion. Their large size gives them the sturdiness to withstand roughhousing with little children. Their endearing temperament makes them the perfect addition to any family. They are also a very hearty dog, being a hybrid. They can live for years on average. Poodles have a reputation for being hypoallergenic, meaning that they can be tolerated by people who have allergies to dogs. Because they have the Poodle in their heritage, Labradoodles are sometimes promoted as being hypoallergenic. But allergies are not caused by a particular dog coat type but by dander. Some people with mild allergies react less severely to particular dogs like the Labradoodle. Do you think a Labradoodle puppy might be right for you and your family? Check out our available puppies page to see our precious Labradoodles for sale! Name Required. Questions about Labradoodle puppies for sale in Pittsburgh, PA? We have answers. What's the most interesting thing about Labradoodle puppies for sale near Pittsburgh? Labradoodles are unique and amazing dogs! They are highly intelligent, intuitive, and notoriously loyal to their families. They're often used as therapy dogs due to their innate ability to comfort and empathize with humans, something that few breeds can do. Labradoodles also have a keen sense of smell which makes them great for scent-work and hunting. Beyond that, Labradoodle parents adore their cute curly locks, the endless combinations of colors, and their overall playful and mischievous personalities. Are Labradoodle puppies for sale in Pittsburgh hypoallergenic? Labradoodles can be both hypoallergenic and non-hypoallergenic, depending on their parent breeds. When a poodle is used as a parent breed in a Labradoodle cross, the puppies are often classified as hypoallergenic, as poodles tend to produce less dander and are less likely to trigger allergies. However, if a Labrador Retriever is used as a parent, the puppies can produce a good deal of dander that can cause allergic reactions in some people. What should I not feed Pittsburgh Labradoodle puppies for sale? Labradoodles should not be fed any type of food that contains high levels of fat, especially processed meats like bacon, sausage, and other fatty meats. Human food should also be avoided as it can be hard for Labradoodles to digest and could contain certain spices and oils, salt, or sugar, all of which can be harmful. Always avoid any type of bones as they can splinter and cause an obstruction in the digestive tract. Am I ready to adopt Labradoodle puppies in Pittsburgh? It is important to properly prepare your home for a new Labradoodle by making sure your furniture and other items are safe and secure. One way to do this is by using baby gates to designate areas where your pup is not able to go. Another way is to use puppy-proofing products such as covers for electrical outlets and puppy guards for furniture and counters. Additionally, secure any cords and make sure any plants in the home are not toxic. Are Labradoodles for sale in Pittsburgh considered small dogs? Labradoodles are typically considered medium-to-large dogs, but their size can vary depending on the type of Labradoodle. An Australian Labradoodle is larger than a miniature Labradoodle, for example. Generally, standard Labradoodles have an average size between a Labrador Retriever and a Standard Poodle, and weigh between 50 and 65 pounds. Miniature Labradoodles, on the other hand, have an average size between a Labrador Retriever and a Miniature Poodle, and weigh between 20 and 30 pounds. How many minutes per day should I walk Labradoodle puppies near Pittsburgh? Generally speaking, Labradoodles can benefit from at least 40 minutes of light exercise each day. This could include gentle walking in a park or backyard or including them in other activities. It is important to note that you should always gradually increase their exercise time, and build up to any strenuous activities. Are Labradoodles in Pittsburgh good for first-time owners? Labradoodles can be an excellent breed for first-time owners. Their many desirable characteristics make them likely to become a devoted and loving companion. Labradoodles are smart, friendly, and gentle, making them ideal for households with children or other animals. Additionally, Labradoodles are considered to be good watchdogs with a moderate activity level, making them a good fit for those who live a relatively sedentary lifestyle. Is training Pittsburgh Labradoodles for sale easy? Training a Labradoodle is a rewarding experience for any pet owner. In general, Labradoodles are intelligent and highly trainable, making them great companions. That said, no breed of dog is immediately easy to train. Patience, consistent instruction, and rewards or incentives can help make learning easier. For best results when training a Labradoodle, start early and use positive reinforcement with no harsh correction. Use clear commands and be persistent to ensure your pup is correctly internalizing commands and behaviors. Labradoodles respond best to clear direction and positive reinforcement.

Social media has provided dog enthusiasts with an opportunity to engage with other Pug lovers, while providing an intriguing glimpse into life with one of these dogs. Once we trawled through social media to get an idea of some popular Pug names, we continued our research online through news articles and other content. Famous Pugs on Instagram and TikTok Pug is checked over by vet Photo: Adobe Stock Pugs are a hugely popular breed on social media thanks to their goofy and loving personalities. One of the most popular Pug accounts is Doug The Pug who was one of the original dog influencers. With millions and millions of followers across all platforms, Doug is a bona fide superstar. Doug itsdougthepug is one of the driving factors behind the popularity of the breed in the s, creating fun videos and quirky photoshoots as well as posing with other A-listers. This handsome chap has over , followers on Instagram alone. Did you know that Pugs can make expert surfers? You can get your pug fill on this account along with , others. Jeremy Veach jeremyveach has an account with a twist! He lives in a converted bus with his pug Norm. If you want to see what life is like on the road with a pug or see their adventures along the Oregon Coast, you should check out their Instagram page! Pug Names Do you wonder what's a great name for a Pug dog? This breed is so unique looking, he or she's just gotta have a really cool name! Do you want to see if the name you chose is on our Exclusive List for this breed? Have a great suggestion for a name that fits the breed? Then you came to the right place! Most of the following names have been submitted by Pug owners. The most popular names are those that begin with the letter P, however others such as Mugsy and Mopsy are often chosen as well. Have fun as you read all of the cool names that owners have thought of and see below on how to submit your dog's name if it is not on this list. Choosing a Name in Multiple Dog Households When you have more than one dog, it's best to choose names for your dogs that do not start with the same sound. Canines often only pay attention to the first syllable that humans speak. If both dogs have names that begin the same way, they may become confused. An example would be "Roxanne" and "Rocky"; both Pugs may run to you when either name is called out. There are 2 things that owners should do: 1 Say the name a lot. Be sure to say it along with all of the "come here" commands. Look at your puppy and get his attention when you say it. You want your pup to associate the name with something good.So don't say it if your pup has an accident, is chewing apart your shoe or does anything else that may cause frustration. Be sure to say, "No" and show your Pug what you do want him or her to do, but refrain from using his or her name at these times Pug Names Starting with A Ab - Ad. Bantam— A bantam is a small breed of chicken. Button— A button is a small, round object used for sewing. Dwarf— A dwarf is a person who is much smaller than the usual size. Gnome— A gnome is a tiny, old man, in folklore, with a beard and a pointed hat. Hobbit— A hobbit is a fictional, human-like creature that is small in size, with hairy feet. Mite— A mite is a small, insect-like organism. Peewee— Peewee means someone or something very small. Runt— Runt means the smallest in a liter, usually puppies. Baby— A baby is a small newborn. Cupcake— A cupcake is a bite-sized cake. Dainty— Dainty means delicately small and pretty. Elf— An elf is a small, human-like figure, in folklore, with pointed ears and possessing magical powers. Jellybean— A jellybean is a small, bean-shaped sugary candy. Mini— Mini is short for miniature. Morsel— Morsel means a small amount or piece. Pixie— A pixie is a cheerful, mischievous mythical creature of folklore. Teeny— Teeny means small or little. Ozzy— Ozzy is the aging, excitable, loving pug dog of Professor Bomba in Epic. Patrick- Patrick is the cute, mischievous, spoiled pet pug of Sarah Francis in the British Patrick. Percy- Percy is a pug with gray ears and face, and a small black nose in the Pocahontas movies. Sebastian— Sebastian is the gentle, kind, party-loving best friend of Chloe in the Beverly Hills Chihuahua movies. Sprinkles— Sprinkles is the very excited pug in the buddy-cop movie Show Dogs. Mabel— Mabel is the overweight pet pug of Walter, an elderly widower, in the romantic comedy movie- Dog Days. Oracle— Oracle is a pug, with cream-colored fur and sky-blue eyes, who lives with Jupiter, a Newfoundland dog in Isle of Dogs. Precious— Precious is an energetic, fearless, loyal pug who is owned by Lucky, a peanut cart owner, in The Nut Job and its sequel. He has nearly 13 million followers on social media. Batman— Batman the Batpug is a pug from London who loves dressing up as his favorite superhero- Batman. His Instagram has , followers. Homer— Homer is an Australian pug who loves food and naps. He has an Instagram following of , His Instagram features , followers. She has an Instagram following of , Moka— An Italian pug who loves adventures with other dogs, creating playful videos, outdoor walks, and cute outfits. Her Instagram has 95, followers. Gidget— A surfing pug who raises money for the Stoke for Life Foundation. Her Instagram features 86, followers. Molly— Molly is a pug from NYC who loves giving kisses and taking naps. Her Instagram has 40, followers. Miss Pickles— A canine fashionista from Toronto, Canada. She has an Instagram following of 24, Some names are great in theory but tough to pronounce in everyday life. Before you lock in on a name, make sure it rolls off the tongue. Say it out loud. Can you imagine loudly calling for your dog with this name? Does it fit your dog? This is important for both you and your pup. And finally, trust your gut. All pup parents go through this scenario. Teaching your dog their name is a lot easier than you think. Here are five easy steps to take to teach your dog their name. Get some small treats and put your dog on a leash in a location without any distractions. Wait until they look away and then repeat the process times. Want to learn more about how to teach a dog their name? We have an awesome guide that makes it easy. You may find it online through articles like this guide to Pug names. Or you could find the perfect dog name in your everyday life. Here are a few ways to brainstorm cool dog names all on your own. What is your favorite hobby? Do you have a favorite activity that you love to do in your free time? That could provide excellent inspiration when naming your dog. What is your favorite sport or sports team? Sports are another great place for dog name ideas. You could give them a name based that refers to the game you love, your favorite team, player or mascot, the field they play on or another aspect of the sport. For example, our neighbors love to play hockey and named their dog Bauer after the hockey brand. Where do you live? Or where do you love to travel to? Your home state or hometown can serve as inspiration as well. Or what movie you adore. Do you have a character that sticks out? We know someone who named his dog after Dwight on The Office. He loved the show and was a huge fan of this character. The name fits his pup perfectly and pays tribute to his favorite TV show. Do you have a nickname? Have you been given a fun nickname that you could extend to your pet? Take for example a family we know with the last name Williams. What names do you like? Maybe one will be just the right fit for your furbaby! Share this post:.

It gives an estimate of the risk for painful osteoarthritis OA of canine hip dysplasia CHD later in life. With this information, preventive and palliative strategies can be recommended by the PennHIP-trained veterinarian. It has been extremely helpful to me as a breeder to OFA-certify my dogs. If the breeders have been breeding a long time you should see lots of names.You are supporting puppy mills if you buy a dog with these registries as they are mainly for puppy mill breeders, You know what you get with AKC because of record inspections and DNA. All Buyers should beware! Both are breeding females that are not German Shepherds they looked like husky crosses but are registering them as German Shepherds and the registry does not care. I have personally seen it and so have many others. Are you looking for size? Here are some pointers! Most breeders of large german shepherds exaggerate by 50 lbs and several inches or more! Vet certified weight means nothing if you can't call the vet! Size means little if temper , health and longevity are not there! German Shepherd Dog Herding Dog Group The goals and purposes of this breed standard include: to furnish guidelines for breeders who wish to maintain the quality of their breed and to improve it; to advance this breed to a state of similarity throughout the world; and to act as a guide for judges. Breeders and judges have the responsibility to avoid any conditions or exaggerations that are detrimental to the health, welfare, essence and soundness of this breed, and must take the responsibility to see that these are not perpetuated. Any departure from the following should be considered a fault, and the seriousness with which the fault should be regarded should be in exact proportion to its degree and its effect upon the health and welfare of the dog and on the dogs ability to perform its traditional work. The tendencies toward exaggeration and steep angles are unacceptable. German Shepherd Dogs with unstable temperaments, sharply angulated croups, overly long front and rear pasterns, and hocks that are weak and wobbly are poor representations of this working breed. UKC is unwilling to condone the validity of using exaggerated specimens of this breed in a breeding program and, to preserve its health and vibrancy, cautions judges about awarding wins to these representatives. History The German Shepherd Dog is a relatively young breed, developed almost single-handedly in the first half of the twentieth century by a German cavalry officer, Max von Stephanitz, president of the Verein far Deutsche Schaferhunde S. Using a variety of German sheepdogs as his foundation stock, von Stephanitz developed a distinctive breed in a very short period of time, due in large part to the authoritarian practices of the German dog fancy at that time. Von Stephanitz emphasized utility and intelligence in his breeding program, enabling the German Shepherd Dog to switch easily from herding duties to other fields of work, particularly military and police work. All things German were shunned and popularity slumped. After the war, however, movie star Rin-Tin-Tin stimulated interest in the breed again. The striking good looks of this breed, combined with its remarkable intelligence and loyalty, have made it a favorite working and companion dog. General Appearance The German Shepherd Dog is a medium-sized, well-balanced, muscular dog, slightly longer than tall, with a medium length coat, erect ears, and a low-set natural tail that normally reaches to the hock and is carried in a slight curve like a saber. The outline of the German Shepherd Dog is made up of smooth curves rather than angles. The head is in proportion to the size of the body, strong without appearing coarse or fine. Gender differences are readily apparent. The German Shepherd Dog should be evaluated as an all-around working dog, and exaggerations or faults should be penalized in proportion to how much they interfere with the dogs ability to work. Disqualifications: Unilateral or bilateral cryptorchid. Characteristics The German Shepherd Dog is confident and fearless, willing to be approached, yet a certain level of aloofness towards strangers is acceptable. When working, the German Shepherd is alert and eager, adapting well to new tasks. Lack of confidence is a serious defect in the character of a German Shepherd. The structure of this breed was designed for efficient locomotion, particularly at the trot, so poor movement is another serious fault. Disqualifications: Viciousness or extreme shyness. Head The head is proportional to the size of the dog, and cleanly chiseled. Males should appear masculine without coarseness; and females feminine without being overly fine. The skull and muzzle are of equal length, parallel to one another, and joined at a very slight stop. There is little or no median furrow. In males, the skull is slightly wider than it is long; in females, the skull is slightly narrower. Viewed from the front, the skull tapers evenly from the ears toward the muzzle. The cheeks are just slightly rounded but do not protrude. In profile, the bridge of the muzzle is straight and parallel to the topline of the skull. Lips are tight and darkly pigmented. Faults: Muzzle too short, blunt, weak, pointed, or overlong. Faults: Overshot or level mouth; missing first premolars. Serious Fault: Missing teeth other than first premolars. Disqualifications: Undershot; wry mouth. The nose must be black. Disqualification: Nose that is not predominantly black. EYES The eyes are as dark as possible, of medium size, almond-shaped, and set slightly obliquely. Expression is alert, calm, and intelligent. Eye rims are dark. Fault: Protruding eyes. EARS Ears are erect, moderately pointed, of medium size, broad at the base, and set high. Ear leather is firm. When the dog is alert, the centerlines of the ears, viewed from the front, are perpendicular to the ground and parallel to each other. Disqualifications: Cropped ears; drop or tipped ears. Neck The neck is relatively long but strong and muscular. The skin is tight. The German Shepherd Dog normally carries the head just a little higher than the shoulders, particularly when moving. Forequarters The shoulder blades are long, well muscled, well laid back, and laid flat to the body. The upper arms, also long and well muscled, join the shoulder blade at nearly a right angle. A straight line drawn from the withers to the ground should pass just behind the back of the foreleg. The pasterns are strong and supple, sloping no more than 25 degrees. The elbows are neither close to the body nor out, but are set on a plane parallel to the body. The length of the forelegs should be just slightly more than half the height of the dog, measured at the withers. Serious Faults: Pasterns slanted more than 25 degrees. Pasterns so long and weak that proper movement is compromised. Body A properly proportioned German Shepherd Dog is longer measured from prosternum to point of buttocks than tall measured from the withers to the ground in a ratio of 10 to 9. The length is derived from proper construction of forequarters and hindquarters and not from length of back. The line of the back slopes downward from the withers into a straight, strongly developed, and relatively short back. Ribs are long and extend well back, resulting in a short, broad loin. The croup is long and slightly sloping. Viewed from the front, the chest is deep and well filled. From the side, the forechest extends in front of the forelegs and the brisket down to the elbows. Tuck-up is moderate. Faults: Barrel ribs; ribs too flat; long loin. Serious Faults: Any measure of a roached back. Shelly appearance. Hindquarters Viewed from the side, the hindquarters are broad and muscular. The angulation of the hindquarters is in balance with the angulation of the forequarters. The rear pastern is short and strong, and should remain upright and functional. Powerful hindquarters are necessary to enable the effortless movement that is an essential feature of this breed. Rear pasterns should remain upright and functional. Serious Faults: Over-angulated rear, with anything exaggerated beyond a mild slope. Rear pasterns so long and weak that proper movement is compromised. Feet Feet are round and tight, with toes well arched. Pads are thick and hard. Nails are strong and dark. Front dewclaws may be removed but are normally left intact. Removal of rear dewclaws is preferred but not mandatory. The feet should recoil cleanly from each stride. Serious Fault: Feet that drag along the ground on recoil. Tail The tail is set on low in a natural extension of the unexaggerated, slightly sloping croup. The tail extends at least to the hock joint. When the dog is relaxed, the tail hangs in a slight curve, like a saber. When the dog is excited or moving, the tail may be raised and the curve accentuated but the tail is never carried above a vertical line extending from its base. The coat on the tail stands outward, giving the tail a bushy appearance. Dogs with docked or altered tails resulting from working injuries are not to be penalized. Faults: A slight hook in the tail to the extent it mars the dogs general appearance. Serious Faults: Tail too short; ankylosis. Coat The German Shepherd Dog is double coated. The outer coat lies close to the body and is dense and straight with harsh texture. A slight wave is acceptable in a particularly harsh coat. The undercoat is short, dense, and fine-textured. The coat on the body is of medium length but not so long as to detract from the dogs ability to withstand bad weather conditions. The coat is shorter on the head including the inside of the ear , the legs, and the feet. The coat on the neck is longer and thicker, forming a slight ruff, particularly on some males. The hair on the back of the legs is longer and thicker, forming trousers on the hindquarters, and extending to the pasterns in front and the hock joint behind. Serious Faults: Short, mole type coat; long coat that stands away from the body; soft coat; absence of undercoat. Strong, rich colors are preferred. Small white marks in colored dogs on the chest or tips of the toes are permissible. Nose, lips, and eye rims must have dark pigment, regardless of coat color. Disqualification: Panda characterized by white markings on the muzzle, chest, legs, neck and tip of the tail , pale, washed-out colors, piebald, brindle, blue, or liver. Height Desirable height at maturity for males is 24 to 26 inches; for females, 22 to 24 inches. Gait Absolute soundness of movement is paramount. Correct gait is an essential feature of the German Shepherd Dog. When trotting, it moves with a long, effortless, efficient stride that is driven by a powerful forward thrust from the hindquarters. The rear leg, moving forward, swings under the foreleg and touches down in front of the point where the forefoot left an imprint. The result is that one rear leg passes outside its corresponding front leg and the other passes inside its corresponding front leg. This is a breed characteristic and should not be penalized as long as the body is straight in relationship to the direction of movement. As the rear leg moves backward, the body is propelled forward. The front and rear feet remain close to the ground throughout. When trotting, the back remains firm and level with no superfluous vertical movement. Hocks should be strong and straight, turning neither in nor out as the dog moves. There should be no visible wobble to the hock. Neither front nor rear pasterns should strike the ground; this is an unacceptable exaggeration and an indication of incorrect movement. As the speed of the trot increases, there is a tendency to single track. Correct movement and soundness must be evaluated from front and rear as well as the side. Serious Faults: Any fault that affects correct movement. Disqualifications A dog with a Disqualification must not be considered for placement in a conformation event, and must be reported to UKC. Unilateral or bilateral cryptorchid.